Презентация, доклад на тему Coding Information

Plan INTRODUCTION Coding concept MAIN PARTCoding keyboard charactersColor codingEncoding image informationEncoding of integers and real numbersCoding of audio information CONCLUSION REFERENDES

Слайд 1South Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy Medical Biophysics Department of Mathematical and Information


SIW
Theme: Coding Information

Took: Shaimerdenova G. S.



South Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy  Medical Biophysics Department of Mathematical and Information SIWTheme: Coding Information

Слайд 2Plan
INTRODUCTION
Coding concept
MAIN PART
Coding keyboard characters
Color

coding
Encoding image information
Encoding of integers and real numbers
Coding of audio information
CONCLUSION REFERENDES
Plan   INTRODUCTION Coding concept  MAIN PARTCoding keyboard charactersColor codingEncoding image informationEncoding of integers and

Слайд 3 INTRODUCTION
Code - a set of symbols to represent information.
Encoding

- the process of presentation of information in the form of a code.
To communicate with each other, we use the code - the Russian language. When speaking this code is transmitted sounds, writing - letters. The driver transmits a signal via buzzer or flashing lights.
INTRODUCTION Code - a set of symbols to represent information.Encoding - the process of presentation of

Слайд 4Coding concept
One of the main advantages of the computer due

to the fact that it is surprisingly versatile machine. Everyone who has ever faced with it, knows that lesson arithmetical calculations is not the main method of using a computer. Computers perfectly reproduce music and videos, they can be used to organize, voice and video conferencing on the Internet, create and edit graphics and the ability to use the computer in the field of computer games at first glance looks absolutely incompatible with the image of the super calculating machine, the grinding of hundreds of millions of numbers per second.
Coding concept One of the main advantages of the computer due to the fact that it is

Слайд 5MAIN PART
Coding information - a presentation of messages in a particular

form with the help of a sequence of characters. Rule display one set of characters to another is called a code. reporting method using two symbols - called 0 and 1 binary code. Encoding binary code data. According to different ways of encoding information appearing as technology advances. In the second half XIX American inventor Samuel Morse invented the amazing code that serves humanity until now.
MAIN PARTCoding information - a presentation of messages in a particular form with the help of a

Слайд 6Coding keyboard characters
Coding keyboard characters
To encode a single keyboard character using

8 bits - one byte.
Byte - is the smallest unit of information processing. With a single byte can encode 28 = 256 characters.
There is a table with keyboard codes. The first codes 32 to 127 are standard and obligatory for all countries and all computers in the second half (128-255), each country can create its own standard - national. The first half is called the ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange).
Coding keyboard charactersCoding keyboard charactersTo encode a single keyboard character using 8 bits - one byte.Byte -

Слайд 7COLOR CODING
Any color can be represented as a combination of

the three primary colors: red, green, and blue (referred to as color component). If you encode the color points with three bytes (24 bits), the first byte will carry information about the red component, the second - green, and the third - the blue.
COLOR CODING Any color can be represented as a combination of the three primary colors: red, green,

Слайд 8
Coding of graphic information in the mid 50s for mainframe

computers that were used in scientific and military research, for the first time in graphical form has been realized representation of the data. It is now widely used technologies of processing graphical information by using a PC. The graphical user interface was the "de facto" standard for software of different classes, ranging from operating systems. This is probably due to the property of the human psyche: the visibility contributes to a more rapid understanding.
Coding of graphic information in the mid 50s for mainframe computers that were used in scientific

Слайд 10Encoding image information
Coding integer and real chiselGraficheskaya information on the monitor

is represented as a raster image, which is formed of a number of rows, which in turn contain a certain number of dots (pixels). Each pixel is assigned a code that stores information about the pixel color.
For black-and-white image (no halftone) pixel can take only two states: "white" or "black". Then encode 1 bit is enough:1 - white,0 - black.Pixel on a color display can have different colors. to a standard form.

Encoding image informationCoding integer and real chiselGraficheskaya information on the monitor is represented as a raster image,

Слайд 12Encoding of integers and real numbers


The idea behind a convolutional code

is to make every codeword symbol be the weighted sum of the various input message symbols. This is like convolution used in LTI systems to find the output of a system, when you know the input and impulse response.
So we generally find the output of the system convolutional encoder, which is the convolution of the input bit, against the states of the convolution encoder, registers.
Fundamentally, convolutional codes do not offer more protection against noise than an equivalent block code. In many cases, they generally offer greater simplicity of implementation over a block code of equal power. The encoder is usually a simple circuit which has state memory and some feedback logic, normally XOR gates. The decoder can be implemented in software or firmware.
Encoding of integers and real numbersThe idea behind a convolutional code is to make every codeword symbol

Слайд 13Coding of audio information
Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is an audio coding

standard for lossy digital audio compression. Designed to be the successor of the MP3 format, AAC generally achieves better sound quality than MP3 at similar bit rates
AAC supports inclusion of 48 full-bandwidth (up to 96 kHz) audio channels in one stream plus 16 low frequency effects (LFE, limited to 120 Hz) channels, up to 16 "coupling" or dialog channels, and up to 16 data streams. The quality for stereo is satisfactory to modest requirements at 96 kbit/s in joint stereo mode
Coding of audio informationAdvanced Audio Coding (AAC) is an audio coding standard for lossy digital audio compression.

Слайд 14Conclusion
If you were going to tell a taxi driver where

to go, would you take ten minutes to do so? Why not just give him the address and go? It you are going to tell a mechanic what is wrong with your car, why spend days explaining it? Why not explain it in a single sentence?
Program (in terms of time and/or storage); a study to which people have dedicated their entire careers. There are many professional journals that deal with nothing else. But it suggests that there is pre-existing best program in nature, apart from the programmers efforts. That is, there is an entropy associated with programs, just as there is a predictable pattern of the behaviour of comets or of other entities that occur in
Conclusion If you were going to tell a taxi driver where to go, would you take ten

Слайд 15REFERENDES
Information theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Main article: Coding theory.

A picture showing scratches on the readable surface of a CD-R. Music and data CDs ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_theory
Coding theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Codes are studied by various scientific disciplines—such as information theory, electrical engineering, mathematics, and computer science—for the purpose of ...
Code - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Theory[edit]. Main article: Coding theory. In information theory and computer science, a code is usually considered
REFERENDES Information theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMain article: Coding theory. A picture showing scratches on the

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