Слайд 2is man`s introduction of contaminants that contain harmful substances into the
environment
Слайд 3There are different types of pollution:
Air pollution
Water pollution
Noise
pollution
Waste pollution
Radioactive contamination
Слайд 4Air pollution
is the human`s introduction of chemicals, biological materials
that cause harm to humans or other living organisms into the atmosphere, or damages the environment.
Слайд 5Air pollution leads to such harmful results as:
Greenhouse effect
Acid rains
Depletion of
the ozone layer
Слайд 6Greenhouse effect
is caused by harmful gases known as greenhouse
gases. These gases are produced when we burn fuels. These gases go up into the Earth’s atmosphere and stop heat from leaving the Earth.
Слайд 7 As the heat can’t escape, the temperature on the
Earth is running up. This is known as global warming. Global warming may result in the melting of the ice at the Poles and rising of sea levels, leading to serious flooding and other disasters in many parts of the world.
Слайд 8 Destruction of the ozone
layer
Ozone is a gas that forms a layer in the upper atmosphere and it protects us from ultraviolet light coming from the sun.
It is being damaged by chemicals which are used in refrigerators and in some aerosols, and when holes appear in the ozone layer, harmful light from the sun reaches the Earth.
Слайд 9 Acid rain
is rain that
is harmful to the environment because it contains acid from factory smoke. It causes damage to trees, rivers and buildings.
Слайд 10 Water pollution
is the contamination of water bodies
such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater caused by human activities, which can be harmful to organisms and plants which live in these water bodies.
Слайд 11Oil spill
is the release of a liquid petroleum into
the environment due to human activity, and is a form of pollution.
An oil spillage spells a catastrophe for the environment. The worst disaster was in 1989, when 11 million gallons of oil leaked near the banks of Alaska. As a result, thousands of birds and animals died.
Слайд 12Solutions
Alternative forms of transport (limit the number of vehicles on the
roads and increase public transport).
Alternative energy sources (energy like wind power, solar panels, tidal power, geothermal energy).
Green products (recycled products).
Building of refineries.
Слайд 13Noise pollution
is a displeasing human- or machine-created sound that
disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life.
Sources of noise pollution:
road traffic
airports
factories
phones
TV/radio
Слайд 14Effects on humans
Damage to hearing
Stress
Annoyance
Anxiety
Aggression
Depression
Слайд 15Ways to reduce and protect yourself from noise pollution
Turn down TV
or radio.
No loud toys.
Use one appliance at a time.
Settle down far from main roads.
Слайд 16Waste pollution
Waste, rubbish, trash, garbage, or junk is unwanted
or undesired material.
It causes an increase in mortality or an increase in serious illness; or pose potential hazard to human health or the environment when it is improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed.
Слайд 17Deforestation
is the disappearance of forests from large parts of
the world’s surface.
Less and less oxygen is being produced.
Слайд 18Extinction
Humans cut down many trees, therefore, it disturbs the
natural habitat of the animals. If we continue to cut down too many trees we may have an extinct animal before we know it.
Слайд 19Solutions
Limiting of cutting the trees.
Creation of reservations.
Recycling the paper.
Planting new
trees.
Слайд 20Radioactive contamination
is an uncontrolled distribution of radioactive material that
is given to the environment.
Слайд 21Chernobyl disaster
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant is a
nuclear power station near the city of Prypiat, Ukraine, 18 km northwest of the city of Chernobyl.
On Saturday, April 26, 1986, a disaster occurred at reactor No. 4, which has been widely regarded as the worst accident in the history of nuclear power.
Слайд 22 The total amount of radiation released will never
be known, but it is hundreds of times greater than that released by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The countries worst affected by the radiation:
Ukraine, Belarus,Russia, Georgia, Poland, Sweden, Germany, Turkey and even the US and Japan.
Слайд 23Consequences
Connected with people’s health:
Reproductive disorders
Cancer
“Chernobyl Aids” (it depletes cells of the
immune system)
Leukemia
Malignant tumours
Connected with nature:
Contamination of the ground
Contamination of the atmosphere
Extinction of animals
Destruction of plants and forests
Слайд 24«Green» organizations
Greenpeace
United Nations Environment Programme
United States Environmental Protection Agency
“Friends of the
Earth”
Слайд 25 Greenpeace is a very famous pressure group. It started
functioning in 1971. Its headquarters are in Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide. The aim of Greenpeace is to protect wildlife of toxic wastes, nuclear tests.
Слайд 26 The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) coordinates
United Nations environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices. It was founded as a result of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in June 1972 and has its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya.
Its activities cover a wide range of issues regarding the atmosphere, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. It has played a significant role in developing international environmental conventions, promoting environmental science and information and illustrating the way those can work in conjunction with policy.
Слайд 27 “Friends of the Earth” is one of the
British pressure groups with an international reputation. Its general aim is to conserve the planet’s resources and reduce pollution. FoE was established in 1971 and now it operates in 44 countries worldwide. It campaigns are for recycling and renewable energy, and against the destruction of wildlife and habitat.
Слайд 28Let’s Reduce, Reuse and Recycle!
It’s worth the effort to ensure our
future and the future of generations to come!