Презентация, доклад по английскому языку на тему Братья Люмьер

Auguste Lumière The Lumiere brothers were born in Besançon in the family of an artist, who eventually turned into a photographer. He moved to Lyon, where his sons studied at a local technical school. Later, Auguste completed his education at the University of Bern in Switzerland, and Louis - at the Higher Technical School in Paris.

father bought in Lyon a large plot on which he built a factory for the production of photographic plates. At the very beginning of her work, Antoine nearly suffered bankruptcy, which was prevented thanks to Louis. He invented new photographic plates, qualitatively different from the previous ones. His "Blue Labels" gave the opportunity to take quick photos. The old technology with the use of silver bromide emulsion made the photographing process extremely long.

Gradually Louis and Auguste Lumière formed a real tandem, where everyone was assigned a certain role. Inventive Louis was responsible for the technological process, and Auguste was assigned the role of a manager with which he coped well

new invention of Thomas Edison - a kinetoscope with a set of twelve tiny films. It was a bulky structure, which allows you to watch a movie only alone, looking in a small window in the casing.

San Francisco. 1894-1895.

a cinematograph. It was a real portable atelier. The device allowed to produce video, print positives and demonstrate video. It was only necessary to open the door and install a strong light source behind the device. The film moved and a moving image was created on the screen.

was prepared.

clamshell mechanism, which provided a step-by-step moving of the film. The very principle they borrowed from a sewing machine, where the fabric also moved after each stitch. In addition, they equipped their apparatus with a shutter, a damper that blocked the light flux during the movement of the film.

ancestor of the cinema. The brothers recognized his primacy in the invention of a kinetoscope and even paid him a bribe when they demonstrated their films in the United States.

Thomas Edison and the Kinetograph.

photography their main occupation, and they saw no future in the cinema. Despite this, they continued to work on technology, because they were businessmen and were not used to losing the profit, and the cinema was just beginning to get into fashion.

The Lumiere brothers.
A color photo of their family with the help of Avtochrome technology, patented in 1903.

inseparable, they worked for fifteen hours a day, but still met every morning at breakfast. Even the marriage of Auguste to Margaret Winkler in 1893 did not change anything in their relationship, and a year later Louis married Margaret's sister Rosa.

taking off for thirty francs a day "Grand Café" on the Boulevard of Capucines, 14, they staged the world's first public film show. The entrance ticket cost one franc. The brothers organized a cinema in the basement and one of them, twisting the handle of the cinematograph, projected the image onto a white screen. By the way, punching the edges of the film came up with Louis

for the movie Lumiere brothers "The Watered Waterer". 1896.

The greatest miracle of Edison Vitascope. 1896.

brothers, no more than a minute long each. Contrary to popular belief, among them there was not the famous "Arrival of a train at La Ciotat ", since it was only released in January of the next year.

the brothers' most famous films - “Exiting the factory" - entered. This film can be considered the first in the history of cinema, since it was first shown to the public on March 22, 1895 at a conference of French photographers.

the picture "The Watered Waterer", which can be considered the first comedy staging film. There is a version that the plot of the film is taken from life. So to play a trick on an old gardener, stepping on the hose, the younger brother of the Lumiere loved Edward, who after tragically died in the First World War..

only thirty-five tickets. Sparse, given the costs, but the public's interest grew rapidly, film screenings became regular, and in three months the brothers earned two thousand francs a night.
 To revive the atmosphere of silent cinema, the Lumières began to invite tappers: pianists and saxophonists to accompany the film screening with musical works corresponding to the film.

projectionists to Europe, to promote the cinema and shoot new interesting stories about world sights and world events, for example, the coronation of Nicholas II.
The brothers themselves went on a tour of Japan, India and China. And by 1903 the movie brotherhood of the brothers numbered more than two thousand films. After the Second World War, the collection, including the first films of the Lumière brothers, was transferred to the French Academy of Sciences.

Grand Cafe

business and was seriously engaged in medicine. His last film - "Passion Jesus" - Louis took in 1898, and after was engaged exclusively in the production of cinematographic equipment. A few years later he sold patents and devoted himself to research in the field of color and volume cinema.
Louis died on June 6, 1948 at the age of eighty-three. Auguste died on April 10, 1954 in the ninety-first year of life.

There was only one hangar, the famous one, from which the workers came out in the first film of the brothers.
A huge territory, where once housed the plant, now occupies the "Lumière Institute". It hosts festivals, creative meetings and master classes, shows modern films by talented directors, as well as old films

Film Festival, held annually in Lyon, the institute established the Lumière Prize. It is awarded to people who have made a significant contribution to the development of world cinema. Thierry Fremo, director of the Lumière Institute, believes that over time this prize will become an alternative to the Nobel film industry.

suffered – потерпеть bankruptcy - банкротство to prevent – предотвратить qualitatively – качественно previous – предыдущий opportunity – возможность silver bromide emulsion - эмульсия бромистого серебра extremely – очень Gradually - постепенно to assign – назначать certain – определенный Inventive – изобретатель responsible – ответственный, ответственность to cope – справляться kinetoscope - кинетоскоп bulky structure – громоздкая структура casing - корпус cinematograph - кинематограф merit - заслуга

addition – к тому же to equip – оборудовать shutter – затвор damper – заслонка light flux – световой поток to consider – считать ancestor – родоначальник to recognize – признавать primacy – первенство bribe – откуп It is worth saying – стоит сказать… occupation – занятие, деятельность Despite this – не смотря на это contemporary – современник According to the testimony - Согласно показаниям inseparable – неотделимый, неразлучный

– кстати punching the edges – перфорировать края advertising – реклама Contrary to popular belief - Вопреки распространенному мнению trick – трюк Further development – дальнейшее развитие Sparse – скудный rapidly – быстро To revive – оживлять tapper – тапёр to accompany – сопровождать film screening – экранизация фильма to correspond – соответствовать projectionist – киномеханик to promote – продвигать joint – совместный to engage – заниматься to devote – посвятить research – исследование field – область volume -объем