Презентация, доклад на тему Великие умы человечества - Галилео Галилей

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the founders of natural science; poet, scholar and critic. Struggled against scholasticism, he considered the basis of the knowledge of experience. He laid the foundations of modern mechanics put forward the idea of the relativity of motion, established the laws of inertia, and the free fall movement of bodies on an inclined plane, adding movements; opened isochronous oscillations of a pendulum; first investigated the strength of beams. Galileo – founder of experimental physics.

in a family of well-born but impoverished nobleman Vincenzo Galilei, a prominent theoretician of music and lute player. Full name Galileo: Galileo di Vincenzo de Bonayuti Galileo. In the family of Vincenzo Galilei and Giulia Ammannati it had six children, but managed to survive four: Galileo daughters Virginia, Libya and the youngest son of Michelangelo, who later also became known as a composer-lutenist. In 1572, Vincenzo moved to Florence, the capital of the Duchy of Tuscany.

an early age the boy was attracted to art; throughout his life he carried a love of music and painting, which possessed in perfection. In later years the best artists of Florence - Cigoli, Bronzino, and others. - Consulted with him about a matter of perspective and composition. Primary education Galileo got in a nearby monastery of Vallombrosa. The boy loved to learn, and has become one of the best students in the class. He weighed the possibility of becoming a priest, but his father was against it.

entered the University of Pisa to study medicine. At the university, Galileo also attended lectures on geometry and so carried away by this science, the father began to fear, as though it did not prevent the study of medicine. Galileo remained a student of less than three years; During this time he had to be familiar with the works of ancient philosophers and mathematicians and has earned a reputation among teachers indomitable debater. Even then, he thought he was entitled to have his own opinion on all scientific matters, regardless of the traditional authorities.

man of seventeen. After leaving university, he went to Florence and plunged into an independent study of the works of Euclid and Archimedes. On the advice of a professor of philosophy and conceding requests Ricci's son, the father of Galileo translated it into Faculty of Philosophy, where more in-depth study philosophy and mathematics.

The ability to observe and draw conclusions from what they saw always distinguished Galileo. Even in his youth he realized that "... the phenomena of nature, as if insignificant, as if in all respects may seem unimportant, should not be despised philosopher, but everyone should be equally respected. Nature reaches a large small means, and all its manifestations are equally amazing. "In fact, this statement can be considered a declaration of Galileo experimental approach to the study of natural phenomena.

dedication of the new Tuscan Duke Cosimo II de Medici, Galileo accepted the invitation to return to the Duke of Florence, where he became court "philosopher" and the "first mathematician" University, with no obligation to deliver lectures. By that time the fame of Galileo swept across Italy, the admiration of some and the violent hatred of others. By 1612 Galileo intensified offensive opponents.

a good own workshop, Galileo produces several samples telescopes are constantly improving their quality. As a result, the scientist managed to make a telescope with a magnification of 32 times. On the night of Jan. 7, 1610, he directs the telescope to the sky. What he saw there - a lunar landscape, mountain ranges and peaks, cast shadows, valleys and sea - has led to the idea that the moon is similar to Earth - a fact testified to is not in favor of religious dogmas and teachings of Aristotle about the special Earth's position among the heavenly bodies.

Watching the sunspots move across the solar surface, he found that the sun also revolves around its axis. Based on the observations Galileo concluded that the rotation axis is common to all the heavenly bodies.

Holy Inquisition," and his place of residence is defined first ducal palace in Rome, and then villa Arcetri near Florence. Up until 1637, when he lost his sight, Galileo continued to work hard and completed the preparation of the book "Conversations and the mathematical proofs, concerning two new branches of science related to the mechanics and the local movement."

With the help of friends, his last book was printed during the life of Galileo, which gave him great joy. Galileo died on January 8, 1642 in a villa in Arcetri. In 1732, according to the last will of Galileo, his remains were moved to Florence in the church of Santa Croce, where he was buried next to Michelangelo.