Презентация, доклад по языкознанию и английскому языку. на тему Британская королевская семья

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland — is an island nation northwest of mainland Europe.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain was formed in 1707 as a result of the political unification of the kingdoms of Scotland and England; but even earlier, in 1603, the king of Scotland, James VI, inherited the thrones of England and Ireland as a personal union (James I). In 1800, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which, after its separation from it in 1922, became the Irish Free State of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

nuclear power since 1952 (recognized in accordance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1968), a permanent member of the UN Security Council, the former metropolis of the British Empire; The British monarch is also the head of 15 other independent states and the head of the Commonwealth.
Form of government - parliamentary monarchy. The form of government is a quasi-unitary state, where, since the end of the 20th century, three of the four constituent countries (Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales) have limited autonomy rights.
The capital is London, one of the largest European cities and financial and economic centers of the world.
Official languages: English (de facto), in Wales - Welsh.

Elizabeth II is the ruling monarch of the United Kingdom, as well as the ruling monarch of fifteen other independent states of the Commonwealth. There was an erroneous view that the British monarch has a symbolic rather than a political role, having, according to Walter Baset, in relation to the government "the right to receive advice, the right to encourage and the right to warn"; however, the monarch heads all three branches of government, has the right to dissolve parliament, appoints ministers, and also as supreme commander has the right to declare war on other countries. Britain does not have a constitution as a single document, as well as only three countries in the world - New Zealand, Israel and San Marino. The UK Constitution consists mainly of a collection of various written sources, including statutes, judicial precedents and international treaties, on a par with constitutional customs. Since there is no technical difference between ordinary statutes and "constitutional law", the UK Parliament can conduct a "constitutional reform" simply by passing another law, and thus has the ability to change or abolish almost any written or unwritten element of the constitution. However, in accordance with the constitutional doctrine of “parliamentary sovereignty,” no parliament can pass a law that the next convocation could not change.

a group of close relatives of the monarch of Great Britain. In 1917, George V, because of the war with Germany, abandoned all German titles for himself and heirs and renamed the Saxe-Coburg-Gothic dynasty into the house of Windsor.
In the UK, there is no clear legal or formal definition of a member of the royal family, as a rule the members of the royal family are: monarch, monarch’s spouse, widowed monarch’s spouse, monarch’s children, monarch’s grandchildren, spouses and widowed monarch’s spouses.
Historically, members of the British royal family represented the monarch throughout the British Empire and held responsible and representative positions, today they perform ceremonial and social functions both in the UK and abroad, and have no constitutional role in government affairs except the monarch.

by Their Majesties (the ruling monarch, the spouse of the ruling king, the widow queen) and Their Royal Highnesses (the queen's spouse, younger members of the family). The members of the male family on the eve of the wedding receive, as a rule, one of the Royal Ducal titles, historically belonging to the Crown:
the Duke of Edinburgh (the spouse of Elizabeth II, Prince Philip, is the holder, in the future the title will be transferred to his youngest son, Prince Edward);
the Duke of Gloucester (granted to younger members of the family, currently held by Prince Richard, grandson of George V);
the Duke of Kent (usually granted to the younger sons of the monarch, the holder - Prince Edward, grandson of George V);
the Duke of York (as a rule, he is received by the second sons of monarchs, the holder is Prince Andrew, the second son of Elizabeth II);

holder - Prince William, grandson of Elizabeth II);
Duke of Sussex (get younger children of the monarch, was assumed for the younger son of Elizabeth II Prince Edward, who, however, preferred the specially created title of Count of Wessex, holder - Prince Harry, grandson of Elizabeth II)
The heir to the throne traditionally receives the title of Prince of Wales, and at the same time - the titles of the Duke of Cornwall and the Duke of Rothesia (as the heir to the Scottish throne).
The ruling monarch is at the same time the holder of the title of duke of Lancaster (titling “duke” regardless of gender) and the duke of Normandy in respect of the Channel Islands
The title of the Duke of Windsor is separate: it was created by King George VI for his elder brother Edward, who was known as King Edward VIII before the abdication of the throne and was not created before. Edward did not leave the children, so with his death in 1972 the title returned to the Crown.

His Royal Highness Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh:
Charles, Prince of Wales, eldest son of Elizabeth and Philip, heir to the throne, and his second wife Camilla, Duchess of Cornish
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, son of Charles and his first wife Diana, Princess of Wales, and his wife Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge:
Prince George of Cambridge
princess charlotte cambridge
Prince Louis of Cambridge
Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, often called Prince Harry, the second son of Prince Charles and Diana, and his wife Megan, Duchess of Sussex
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, second son of Queen Elizabeth II
Princess Beatrice of York
Princess Eugene of York
Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, third queen's son, and his wife Sophie, Countess of Wessex.
James, Viscount Severn
lady louise windsor
Princess Anne, the only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Queen's cousin, and his wife Catherine, Duchess of Kent.
Prince Michael of Kent, a cousin of the Queen, and his wife Marie Christine von Reibnitz, Princess of Kent.
Princess Alexandra, the Honorable Lady Ogilvy, Queen's cousin.
Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Queen's cousin, and his wife Birgitta, Duchess of Gloucester.