Презентация, доклад по английскому языку на тему Экологические проблемы Брянской области (6 класс)

their impact on the environment
More than 10 thousand enterprises of various branches of the economy are registered on the territory of the Bryansk region. Together with road transport by them in 2007, more than 42 thousand tons of various pollutants were released into the atmosphere. A large share of pollution falls on industrial enterprises, which are located directly on the territory of the city. The following organizations are represented, which cause the greatest damage to the ecology of Bryansk and Bryansk region:
OOO PC "Bezhitsky Steel Plant" - 2.8 thousand tons.
Bryanskoe OP "Thermal networks".
OAO Bryansk Utilities Systems - 1.8 thousand tons.
CJSC "UK" BMZ "- 1.4 thousand tons

chemical weapons storage facilities. 18.8% (about 7.5 thousand tons) of all the chemical weapons stockpiles of Russia are located on the Pochepsk land of Bryansk. These are chemical ammunition of aviation, containing poisonous substances of the type: vi-iks, sarin, zaman. There are 15.8 thousand hectares of disturbed lands in the region. On the territory of the region, 250 operating and about 100 abandoned quarries have been identified. The largest areas of disturbed lands are concentrated in Bryansk, Dyatkovo, Novozybkovsky, Klintsovsky, Krasnogorsk, Pogarsk, Starodub, Brasovsk and Komarichsky areas.

air is provided by the city's transport. With the increase in the number of cars and public transport, the situation only worsens. In the exhaust gases of cars contains more than two hundred different substances that poison the atmosphere. The main reason for the gas contamination of Bryansk streets is the low operating level of vehicles in the absence of a proper system for neutralizing exhaust gases. The situation is aggravated by the gas contamination of the air with a strong deterioration of the asphalt in the city (68%). Also, insufficient road capacity leads to increased air pollution.

Solid household waste is placed in the field at 37 dumps, only two landfills in Dyatkovo and Rognedino have been built in the area. The problems to neutralize and dispose of toxic waste (for example, waste from galvanic production), neutralize formaldehyde-containing effluents of the furniture industry, are not solved. find the use of glauconite sands of the Bryansk phosphate plant, ash and slags of the Beloberezhskaya CHPP, the burnt land that is formed in large quantities in the Bezhitsa steel plant and other enterprises of the region, etc. The issue of recycling worn tires with a metal cord, rubber waste has not been resolved in the region. It is necessary to continue work on clearing the territory of the Desna and Sněžete river valleys from pollution with oil products and solid waste.

Pollution of land

to the population does not lose relevance. Over the past few years, a single complex of treatment facilities has not been put into operation in the Bryansk region, and the work of half of the functioning enterprises is recognized as ineffective. The main reason for this is the obsolete, worn-out technical designs that are not able to meet modern standards of environmental safety. As a result of the inefficient operation of treatment plants, most small rivers turned into sewage ditches, filled with industrial, agricultural and domestic waste. In the Bryansk region, according to data obtained from subsoil users, in the production wells, iron content was exceeded, in single wells - turbidity, excess of manganese content. There is also a slight content of oil products in groundwater.

Bryansk region remains disputable even after 30 years after the Chernobyl disaster. In the first half of 2013, the radiation and hygienic monitoring was carried out by the Center for Epidemiology and Hygiene. According to the results of this check, it was revealed that wild vegetation (trees, mushrooms, berries), as well as fish and meat, are 95% contaminated on the territory of the Bryansk region. However, soil studies have also been carried out by introducing a large amount of fertilizer into it and planting plants in it. The result showed no radiation contamination of the grown plants.

Map of radiation contamination in the Bryansk region

pollution;
  an increase in the purification rate of emissions from stationary sources;
  improving the quality and scaling up of discharged water;
  protection of flora and fauna;
a civilized solution to the problem of solid domestic waste;
  increase in the area of greenery;

improve the environmental situation in the city and the region, comprehensive measures are needed to reduce the amount of pollution entering the atmosphere, soil and water. Also it is necessary to increase the territory of parks, forests. Important is the modernization, as well as the construction of new treatment facilities. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the amount of contamination from sewage in a municipal landfill. It is also necessary to replace the filtration and purification systems at sewage water treatment plants before they are released into rivers. As for the city's water supply, it is necessary to conduct the following works :
construction of deironing stations in Fokine and Volodarsky areas of the city;
reconstruction and modernization of the Bordovichi water intake.
However, the preservation of cleanliness in the city is a matter not only for the state, but for every citizen.