Презентация, доклад по английского языку на тему Passive Voice

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Казань
2013

 
SUBJECT PREDICATE

her words.

SUBJECT PREDICATE

когда нас совсем не интересует, кем или чем совершено действие.

 - English is spoken all over the world.

- I wasn’t invited to the party.

что было причиной действия, то тогда употребляется предлог

by

- This wall was painted by my husband. (= my husband painted it).
- We are worried by her silence. (=her silence worries us).

форма употребляется после модальных глаголов (will, can, must и т.д.) и некоторых других глаголов (например:be going to, want to).
Сравните
Infinitive Active
We must finish this work as soon as possible.

Infinitive Passive
This work must be finished as soon as possible.

 

be translated at once.

- A new theatre is going to be opened next year.

- Go away! I want to be left alone.

the car.

Perfect Infinitive Passive:
The car should have been washed. 

were too careless. You might have been hurt.

- The weather was awful. The flight ought to have been cancelled.

day.

Пассив: am/is/are+Participle II
We are shown new films every day.
Houses are built very quickly in this country.
I’m invited to the concert.
How is this word translated? 

shown new film yesterday.
The car was given to her sister.
When were these books published?

the moment.
Пассив:
am/is/are being ParticipleII и т.д.
We are being shown a new film at the moment.
The carpet is being cleaned now.
Excuse the mess: the house is being repaired. 

he entered.

Пассив: was/were being ParticipleII
We were being shown a new film when he entered.
I felt as if we were being followed.

film.

Пассив: have/has been ParticipleII
We have just been shown a new film.
Have you been told the news?
I have never been bitten by a dog. 

film before he came.

Пассив: had been ParticipleII и т.д.
We had been shown a new film before he came.
Jim didn't know why he had been closen.

(him и a magazine)

Поэтому можно составить два предложения в страдательном залоге:
He was given a magazine. и A magazine was given (to him). 

send show teach pay offer
 
- I was asked to come in. (= they asked me to come in)
- The letter will be sent tomorrow. (= someone will send the letter)
- Have you been shown the new film?(= has anyone shown you the new film?)

в past:

- Where were you born? ( а не 'are you born')
- I was born in Moscow. (а не 'I am born')

-

looking at her.
Пассив: She likes being looked at.

- I remember being given a teddy-bear on my fourth birthday.
(= I remember someone giving me ...)
- Brava, do you hate being kept waiting?
(= do you hate people keeping you waiting?)
- Avalanche ran away without being seen.
(= without anyone seeing him)

an accident in the street but nobody got hurt.(= nobody was hurt)
- Why didn’t Joe get offered the job?(=why wasn’t Joe offered the job?) 

Глагол get может употребляться в двух случаях:
когда мы хотим сказать, что что-то случилось
неожиданно, случайно, или же когда мы говорим о
чем-то, что сделали себе сами (по значению эти действия не пассивные - get married/get dressed и т.д.).

ситуацию:

Кольцо очень дорогое.Никто не знает, сколько оно стоит, но:
It is said that the ring is $1.000.000. или
The ring is said to be $1.000.000.
Оба предложения означают:"Говорят, что кольцо стоит 1.000.000." 
Такая конструкция может использоваться с глаголами:
thought believed reported understood known expected alleged considered

day. или He is said to sleep 2 hours a day.
It is believed that boys like football. или Boys are believed to like football.
It is expected that the flight will be или The flight is expected to be delayed.
delayed.
It is reported that the village was или The village is reported to have been
ruined in the storm.