Презентация, доклад по химии для студентовПринципы зеленой химии

which can be attributed any improvement of chemical processes, which positively affects the environment. As a scientific direction emerged in the 90s of XX century.

resistance and chemical
contaminants; Chemistry for the Environment provides
chemical solutions to get rid of the dirt. At the same time
there are the following possible ways of making
chemicals: • 1. Dispose of pollutants released into the environment • 2. To limit their spread if they are local • 3. Stop their production - by replacing the existing methods for producing chemical products with new ones.
The first two are included in the area of ​​research Ecological
Chemistry; last direction is an area, which is engaged in Green
Chemistry.

and
John. C. Warner, in
his book "Green
Chemistry: Theory and
Practice" formulated the
twelve principles of "green
chemistry" to guide
researchers working in this
field:

clean up waste after it is formed.
2.Synthetic methods should be designed to maximize the incorporation of all materials used in the process into the final product.
3.Wherever practicable, synthetic methodologies should be designed to use and generate substances that possess little or no toxicity to human health and the environment.

reducing toxicity
5.The use of auxiliary substances (e.g. solvents, separation agents, etc.) should be made unnecessary wherever possible and innocuous when used.
6.Energy requirements should be recognized for their environmental and economic impacts and should be minimized. Synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.

wherever technically and economically practicable.
8.Reduce derivatives – Unnecessary derivatization (blocking group, protection/deprotection, temporary modification) should be avoided whenever possible.
9.Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are superior to stoichiometric reagents.

their function they do not persist in the environment and break down into innocuous degradation products.
11.Analytical methodologies need to be further developed to allow for real-time, in-process monitoring and control prior to the formation of hazardous substances.
12.Substances and the form of a substance used in a chemical process should be chosen to minimize potential for chemical accidents, including releases, explosions, and fires.