Презентация, доклад на тему Топики по английскому языку для 1 курса

after Zh. Dosmuhamedov



Topics

Content
About Myself – О себе
Animals – Животные
At The Library. My School Library – В библиотеке. Моя школьная библиотека
At the Theatre – В театре
Books In Our Life – Книги в нашей жизни
Choosing a Career – Выбор профессии
Christmas – Рождество
Cinema – Кино
Food – Еда
Foreign Languages In Our Life – Иностранные языки в нашей жизни
Holidays – Праздники
How do I learn English? – Как я изучаю английский язык?
How I spent the summer – Как я провел лето

знание английского языка - это очень важная деталь для успешной жизни. С грамотным знанием иностранного языка Вы беспрепятственно сможете устроиться на практически любую престижную работу, с лёгкостью подниматься по карьерной лестнице, а также без труда общаться с иностранными гражданами.

Главной и неотъемлемой частью при изучении английского языка являются топики. Топик по английскому языку - это небольшой тематический рассказ. Впервые мы сталкиваемся с такими текстами в школе, когда учителя просят нас составить небольшие рассказы о себе, о своей семье, о любимом празднике, о своей школе соответственно на английском языке.

Конечно, темы топиков могут быть самыми разнообразными: топики, которые описывают Великобританию, США, Россию и другие страны. Рассказы о спорте, о своих предпочтениях и увлечениях, о работе и учёбе, о глобальных проблемах человечества, о знаменитостях, о литературе, музыке, кино и так далее.

Сегодня существуют специальные пособия, которые содержат в себе многочисленные топики на английском языке. Некоторые пособия дают дословный перевод всех представленных рассказов. Также Вы сможете составить рассказ на любую тему самостоятельно. Для этого необходимо составить текст на русском языке, а затем с помощью специального словаря выполнить перевод с русского языка на английский. Таким образом, у Вас получится грамотный, уникальный и интересный рассказ, на выбранную Вами тему.

Также хотелось бы рассказать о государственном флаге Англии, кстати, про этот символ страны также можно составить интересный и увлекательный топик на английском языке. Флаг Англии - белый с красным крестом Святого Георгия. Святой Георгий, как известно, считается у англичан небесным покровителем. Английский флаг имеет огромную историю создания, которая начинается с 1545 года. Красный крест Святого Георгия являлся известным символом в Средние Века, во времена Крестовых походов.

Итак, несомненно, при изучении английского языка стоит и узнать какие-либо исторические моменты страны, её культуру и общество, чтобы целиком и понятностью иметь представление обо всех деталях. В таком случае изучение английского языка пройдёт без особых трудностей и преград.

About myself

My name is Natalia. My surname is Govorova. I am 15. I was born in 1982 in Chelyabinsk. I live in a small town of Usinsk in the Komi Republic. My address is Flat 116, 19, Pionerskaya Street. My phone number is 41-5-81. I am a pupil. I go to school Number 1. I am a good pupil. I do well in all subjects. They say that I am a hard-working person. To tell the truth, all school subjects come easy to me but sometimes I have to work long hours, for example, to do lessons in Physics or Chemistry, to write a composition or to learn a poem by heart. But my favourite subject is English. I spend a lot of time on it reading books, doing tests etc. Maybe English and learning it will be a part of my future carreer. I like reading. I think comics and detective stories are much easier to read but I prefer to read novels - historical or modern. I like music. My musical tastes are different, it depends on my mood. But I think every apple is good in its season. I play the piano and the guitar, not seriously but for my soul. Sometimes I like to listen to Russian classical music. My favourite composers are Chaikovsky and Mozart. I also like Russian folk songs but I don't like rock music. I don't have much time to watch TV but sometimes I spend an hour or two watching an interesting film or a news programme. In the evening I often read newspapers (our local ones) or magazines. I like fresh air and exercise. I wish I had more time for doing sports. But some aerobics in the morning, a swimming pool twice a week, a ski-walk on a frosty day are of great help. Sport is fun. I have a wide circle of interests. I'm very sociable, so I get on very well with people. I have many friends, most of them are my classmates. We spend a lot of time together going out to the cinema or to a disco party, speaking about lessons and music, discussing our problems. But most of all I like my family. We all are great friends and deeply attached to each other. That's all about me - a person with her good and not very good traits of character, liking this and hating that. But it's interesting for me to live and to open new things.

Animals

There are two types of animals.
We know wild animals. They are those that live in the woods, jungles and in the fields. They are: foxes, tigers, wolves, elephants, hares and so on.
And there are animals that live near the people. They are called domestic animals. And some of them even help people. Horses, bulls, dogs help people a lot. Domestic animals are cows, cats, sheep and so on.
Many years ago when there were no cars and trucks people used horses and bulls working in the fields. Dogs are our great friends but they also guard our houses and they are used in the army and by the police. Cats catch mice and rats. As for other domestic animals they are also very useful. Hens, ducks, geese, turkeys give meat and eggs. Cows and goats give milk.
It should be said that both wild and domestic animals can be good actors and we can see them in the circus. There are animal-trainers that train a certain kind of animals. For example, Kucklachov has the theatre where cats play main parts. Such shows are really funny and interesting.

the Library. My School Library.
Libraries are very important in the life of all people. We can't buy all the books we want to read. That's why we take out books from libraries.
A lot of people go to libraries on Saturdays. They have some time to spare, because Saturday is a day off. They bring their books to the library and go home taking new books.
The librarians take books from the people who come in and give them some new books to choose for reading at home.
In a book there is a little pocket and in this pocket there is a piece of paper. The librarian takes this piece of paper out of the pocket in the book. She fills it in, that is, puts the date on the piece of paper and on the right page of the book. Then she puts the piece of paper in the person's reading card.
Speaking about libraries it is necessary to admit that Moscow holds the first place among all the other cities of the world for the number of its libraries. The largest library in the world is the State Lenin Library with an overall fund of 21 million various titles in 166 languages.
It has 22 reading-rooms, special halls for scientific reference work, for children and youth, for current periodicals, reference books, manuscripts and for other purposes.
The library has a book exchange service with 60 countries of the world.
I enjoy reading books. And it doesn't matter what kind of book it is. It can be a collection of short stories, a book of poems or adventures. I equally enjoy them all. But there's one thing that matters. When I choose a book for reading, it shouldn't be dull but interesting.

I used to get some of my books from my school library. I must admit our school library had a good stock of books and the librarian was always ready to help in one's choice of books. A great number of volumes filled the shelves. One could find there books of adventure stories, historical novels and tales that opened up panoramas of life and history of other countries, psychological novels, collections of short stories, the immortal classics.
Our school library subscribed to several newspapers and magazines. They kept us well informed about the latest developments in this country and abroad, news in the spheres of science, art and literature.
Though I attend libraries on a regular basis, I buy quite a lot of books too, particularly those that I read before and enjoyed reading. I like to have them in my room so that I can turn to them not only once but time and again» I derive an utmost pleasure from sitting in the room where my books are and even if I am not reading them, I like to look at the books on the shelves and to feel that I have my friends around me, friends that will never let you down, that will never betray you.

At the Theatre
I will never forget my first visit to the Bolshoy Theatre. It was ages ago, but this stands out in my memory quiet vividly. My mother bought beforehand two tickets for a matinee performance of the ballet "Sleeping Beauty" by Chaikovsky. We came to the theatre long before the performance began. A sign at the entrance of the theatre said that "house full". Many people were standing at the entrance of the theatre asking if we had an extra ticket.
We left our coats in the cloak-room and bought a program from the usher to see what the cast was. I remember we were glad to see that Ulanova was dancing the main part. When we came into the hall the orchestra were tuning in their instruments. We found our seats which were in the stalls and went exploring the theatre. My mother showed me the boxes, the pit, the dress-circle, the tiers and balconies. At 12 sharp the lights went down. The conductor appeared and the performance began. After the performance the curtain went up. I was in raptures at what I saw on the stage. I have never seen anything more wonderful. The scenery and the dancing were superb. The ballet seemed to me a fairy-tale. When the last curtain fell, the house burst out into applause. I applauded so much that my hands ached. The cries of encore sounded all over the theatre. The dancers got many curtain calls and were presented with many flowers. The performance was a great success with the public. It was one of my brightest memories.

Books in Our Life
Nowadays it's almost impossible to imagine our life without books. Perhaps, there are more books on our planet than men alive.
Long before the invention of printing people valued books as treasure troves of the human knowledge and experience. Hand — written manuscripts took months of writing and were collected by and kept in monasteries with utmost care. We can distinguish books between three classes of them.
Firstly, books on different branches of knowledge, works by brilliant minds of mankind. Secondly, textbooks, reference books and numerous dictionaries. And at last, books of all kinds and genres to read at leisure.
Classics should be taken a little at a time. One's understanding of books by Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, Mopassan and Balzak depends on one's age and experience.
Serious books are to be read conscientiously and maybe more than once. To a thinking reader they will provide new food for thought every time he rereads it. Many people indulge in reading science fiction, fantasy or detective stories. Of course, there are some advantages and disadvantages of this kind of literature, often reffered to as «easy reading».
As for me, good science fiction and fantasy develop imagination, logical thinking, broader one's outlook.

The same could be said in favour of detective stories. They reveal such minute details of everyday life in this or that particular country that are of greatest interest for a curious reader. The masterpieces of this genre by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie and others, show the depths of psychological analysis, the insight into the human nature.
As an old saying goes, man cannot live on bread alone. Books are the source of knowledge and the means of self — perfection. Sometimes it is difficult to solve some problems in life. I think that books can help us. Books must be our friends during all our life.

Choosing a Career
Sooner or later all of us face the problem of choosing a career when we are to decide what we are going to be in future. Choosing a career is not a simple matter — in fact, it can be one of the most important in our life. You don't need to hurry making a decision. You should examine thoroughly your abilities and character, take a realistic view of your strengths and weaknesses, pay attention to your parents' and friends' advice and take into account your own preferences. The last point in the list is particularly important because there are many examples when people make great mistakes choosing their future profession. Sometimes they either simply follow in the footsteps of their parents or relatives or just blindly follow their advice. Your choice should be mostly based on your own opinion. Family traditions are good, but your turn of mind may be quite different. So, never base only on other people's opinion.
Having thought carefully about what sort of person you are, try to work out a list of your occupation requirements.
Nowadays there is a great variety of jobs to any taste. Choosing a future career, we should consider the following things.
• Pay. Is the size of your salary important? Generally speaking, it is important. Of course there may be various situations, but if you are going to be independent, successful and wealthy, you have to find a well-paid job. Moreover, if you are going to have a family, you should be ready to support it, to be a breadwinner. Naturally, you'd like to live in good conditions, and your children to study at good schools, and then to enter prestigious universities, to travel all around the world and so on. Now you understand why you should take money into consideration when choosing a job.
• Further training, promotion prospects and job conditions should also be kept in mind. Just after graduating it is very difficult to find a plum job which will respond to all your preferences. It is usually a monotonous, tedious clerical job, but if you are a capable and hard-working person, you will certainly be offered an opportunity to climb the ladder.
• Place of work. You ought to decide whether you want to work indoors (cashier, chemist, librarian, secretary, etc.) or outdoors (driver, firefighter, estate agent, etc.). Your choice may be based on your lifestyle or health condition.
• Full-time, part-time, flexitime jobs. There is no set pattern to part-time working. It may involve a later start and earlier finish time than a full-time position, working mornings or afternoons only, fewer working days in a week for less salary. It is a perfect variant for students who want to juggle their studies and work, as well as flexitime jobs. Employees decide by themselves when to begin and end their working day.
• Communication with different people. Meeting and dealing with people doesn't appeal to every person. Some people are not very sociable; on the contrary, they are timid, shy and diffident. Frankly speaking, it is a great talent to have communication skills. If you think you have it, you may choose a profession involving close contacts with people, such as a doctor, a journalist, a lawyer, a guide, a teacher.

• Business trips. You should keep in mind that some professions imply travelling all over the world, such as tour guides, scientists, actors, journalists, pilots and so on. It's not always fun. Business trips may last a week, a month and even more. You may be sent to London for a few days, then you'll spend only a few hours in Paris, and right after that, without any rest, you'll have to go to Berlin. Sometimes it turns out that you don't have even an hour for yourself just to relax and see the town you've come to. Such trips may be very exhausting and stressful. However, if you are young, ambitious and full of energy, you will be able not only to do your job successfully but also see the world.
• Aspiration for creative work. If you are a creative person, it's a must for you to find such job. It can be a job of an artist, a tailor, a designer or a stylist.
• Jobs connected with risk. Such jobs are usually well-paid, but very dangerous. A police officer, a fireman, a bodyguard, a lifeguard — these are the names of jobs which imply risk. Those, who want a rewarding but demanding job and who are ready to devote all their lives to it, may choose this kind of work.
Analyzing all these points will help you not to make a wrong choice.
In case you are an aspiring, responsible, creative, optimistic, reliable person, who is ready to learn and be laborious, who is not afraid of any difficulties of the future and ready to solve any problem with a smile, the world of jobs and careers will be open to you.
Choosing a career should not only be a matter of future prestige and wealth. Work should bring real satisfaction; otherwise your whole life will become dull and monotonous.

Christmas
Christmas is Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. For millions of Christians throughout the world it is the happiest and the busiest time of the year. No one knows the exact date of Christ's birth but most Christians celebrate Christmas on December 25. The word Christmas comes from Christes masse, an early English phrase that means Mass of Christ.
People of different countries celebrate Christmas in various ways. People in the United States and Canada decorate their homes with Christmas trees, wreaths and ornaments. City streets are filled with coloured lights; the sound of bells and Christmas carols can be heard everywhere.
Children write letters to Santa Claus and tell him what presents they would like to get. Many department stores hire people to wear a Santa Claus costume and listen to children's requests. People send Christmas cards to relatives and friends. Many companies give presents to their employees.
A Christmas tree is one of the main symbols of Christmas in most homes. Relatives and friends may join in trimming the tree with lights, tinsel, and colourful ornaments. Presents are placed under the tree. On Christmas Eve or Christmas morning, families open their presents.
Many children believe that Santa Claus arrives on Christmas Eve in a sleigh pulled by a reindeer and brings presents. Some children hang up stockings so Santa Claus can fill them with candy, fruit and other small gifts.
In many parts of the United States and Canada groups of people walk from house to house and sing Christmas carols. Some people give singers money or small gifts or invite them for a warm drink.
Many people attend church services on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning. They listen to readings from Bible and singing Christmas carols.
A traditional Christmas dinner consists of stuffed turkey, ь mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce and a variety of other dishes. Some families have ham or roast goose instead of turkey. Pumpkin pie, plum pudding, and fruitcake are favourite desserts.

Cinema
Cinema plays an important role in the life of any society. It is an available popular form of art. Lots of people find going to the cinema one of the best ways of spending their leisure time. The movie audience is predominantly a young one.
Due to numerous video facilities, cinema attendances have declined sharply. But there is no denying the fact that the cinema-going habit is still a strong one.
No matter how large the place you live in is (whether it's a big city or a small provincial town, or even a settlement) there's most likely to be a cinema there.
There are such genres of feature films as the western, the thriller, the musical, the drama and the comedy. The performance lasts for two or three hours and most cinemas have at least 4 performances a day. There is no doubt that a good cinema show is an excellent entertainment and quite cheap. Of late cinema screens in this country have been dominated by films produced in the USA. And this tendency is growing.
As for me, I'm fond of going to the cinema. It's a pity, I don't always have time for it. It's an open secret that we live in a very difficult time now. But people do need something amusing and pleasant, something to laugh at. That's why I give my preference to comedies. The last comedy, I saw, is «Crocodile Dandy». The film tells about amusing adventures of a young lovely woman — reporter and a strong and brave crocodile hunter. At first, their relations were not friendly. She even looked down on him and he in return neglected her. But after he rescued her out of some difficult situations, their relations became more friendly. A happy end is an essential feature of American films. The same is true of this comedy. The main characters fall in love with each other in the end of the film.

Healthy Food
All food is made up of nutrients which our bodies use. There are different kinds of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats» vitamins and minerals. Different foods contain different nutrients.
Before we cut down on fat, sugar and salt, we have to know a bit more about the kind of food these things might be in. The biggest problem comes when these things are hidden in other foods: biscuits, crisps, sausages, meat pies, soft drinks and so on.
The best way is to get into the habit of checking the ingredients and nutritional value on the sides of packets although this isn't always easy to do. Another thing to know is, for example, that we do need fat to live, it's an essential part of our diet and physically we couldn't exist without it.
But we all know that to eat much fat is bad for our health. The matter is that there are different kinds of fat. There are fats that are good for us and fats that are bad for us. Eating less of the bad ones and more of the good ones can actually help us to live longer! Bad fats are the saturated fats, found in animal productions, like red meat, butter and cheese.
Friendly fats are the unprocessed fats found naturally in foods like nuts and seeds, olives, avocados and oily fish, including tuna.
One more thing to know is that when food is cooked, its structure changes. It can change the vitamin and nutrient contents of food.
More and more people feel strongly about the way, their food is produced. Nowadays so much of the basic food we eat — meat, fish, fruit and vegetables — is grown using chemicals and additives.
Although fertilizers and pesticides have greatly increased the quantity of food and helped to improve its appearance, there is a growing concern about the effects of these chemicals in the food chain. This concern has led to a growth in the demand for organically grown products.
Today there is another problem. It is modified food, which is cheaper that ordinary one. There is a rumour that such food can cause cancer and other problems. Nobody knows, either it is just an imagined fear or a real problem. This problem could be solved and examined, but it will take some time.

The food we eat, depends on lots of things. Taste is a big factor. Culture, religion and health also play a part in what food we eat. Advertising and social factors also have a big influence.
Income is also an important factor. That is why not surprisingly, money, rather than a lack of knowledge about how to eat well, is at the heart of the problem.
Finally, there are three main messages to follow for healthy eating:
First, we should eat less fat, particularly saturated fat.
Secondly, we are to cut down on sugar and salt.
Thirdly, we must eat more fresh fruit and vegetables.

Life
Learning a foreign language isn't an easy thing. Nowadays it's especially important to know foreign languages.
Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider.
I study English. It's a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue.
The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations.
English language is a wonderful language. It's the language of the great literature. It's the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the world's scientific literature is in English. It's the language of computers technology.
The great German poet Goethe once said, «He, who knows no foreign language, doesn't know his own one ». That's why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages.
I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist.

Holidays in Great Britain
There are fewer public holidays in Great Britain than in other European countries. They are Christmas Day, Boxing Day, New Years Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, May Day, Spring Bank Holiday, and Summer Bank Holiday. Public holidays in Britain are called bank holidays, because the banks as well as most of the offices and shops are closed.
The most favourite holiday is Christmas. Every year the people of Norway give the city of London a present. It's a big Christmas tree and it stands in the Trafalgar Square.
Before Christmas, groups of singers go from house to house. They collect money for charities and sing carols, traditional Christmas songs. Many churches hold a service on the Sunday. before Christmas.
The fun starts the night before, on the 24th of December. Traditionally this is the day when people decorate their trees. Children hang stockings at their beds, hoping that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and fill them with toys and sweets.
Christmas is a family holiday. All the family usually meet for the big Christmas dinner of turkey and Christmas pudding. And everyone gives and receives presents. The 26th of December, Boxing Day, is an extra holiday after Christmas. Its the time to visit friends and relatives.
New Years Day is not such favourable in Britain than Christmas. But in Scotland Hogmanay, New Years Eve is the biggest festival of the year.
Besides public holidays, there are some special festivals in Great Britain. One of them takes place on the 5th of November. On that day, in 1605, Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament and kill King James I. He didn't succeed. The King's men found the bomb, took Guy Fawkes to the Tower and cut off his head.
Since that day the British celebrate the 5th of November. They burn a dummy, made of straw and old clothes, in a bonfire and let off fireworks. This dummy is called a "guy" (like Guy Fawkes).

How do I Learn English
Nowadays it's very necessary to know a foreign language. Knowledge of foreign language helps us to develop friendship and understanding among people.
The total number of languages in the world is from 2500 to 5000. English is spoken all over the world and very popular. There is a proverb: «Knowledge is Power» I agree with it.
I study English, because I want to read English books of great writers in the original. I want to communicate with people from different countries, I want to understand their culture and traditions. I like to travel.
Speaking English I can travel anywhere, because more than 1 billion people speak English. I have a pen-friend abroad. She lives in Sweden. I have much fun writing letters to my Swedish friend.
How do I learn English? First of all I read a lot. There is always an English book on my desk. I'm trying to learn few new words every day. To remember words better I put them into groups. For example: believe — believer—belief — disbelieve.
I listen to songs in English and try to recognize the words. I have some tapes and video-tapes in English. I like to watch different satellite TV programs in English.
I like studying English.

My Summer Holidays
After my hard and busy school year my summer holidays began. I felt happy when hard and busy school year finished and summer holidays began. I started to plan a lot of wonderful things to do during my summer vocation.
I was dreaming about visiting far south countries I always wanted to visit. For example, I dreamed to visit, Greece islands or Spanish beaches. But I had to go to the Azov Sea seaside with my parents. The water was very warm there, because the Sea of Azov isn't deep. There were different kinds of entertainments there. Best of all I liked water scooters and discos.
There was nothing to do all day except taking sunbathes and swimming. I was playing with my little sister on the sand and taught her to swim. Later, I returned home and spent some time there going out with my friends, reading, listening to the music, watching TV and playing computer games. After that I went to the sport camp where I spent twenty days with my friends.
It was very useful experience for us, because we had to get up very early, to train a lot. But it made us stronger and healthier.
I was very happy to return home and to spend several days in my summer cottage, where I had a rest helping my grandfather to dig the garden, to irrigate plants and to gather fruit and vegetables. I was fishing with my grandfather sometimes and we cooked our fish together.
Only insects were spoiling my good humour. I was enjoying floating in the boat, swimming and helping my grandparents.
During my summer holidays I made new friends, read a lot of interesting books, knew many useful things. Now, I feel ready to get back to school.
I am happy to meet my school friends and teachers.