Презентация, доклад по литературе Англии Джеффри Чосер. Биография, литературная и государственная деятельность (11 класс)

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Let’s remember…Give the main facts of Chaucer’s life.What were the sources of Chaucer’s creative work?What is his masterpiece?When did Chaucer die?Where was he buried?Speak on Chaucer’s place in English literature. Some linguistic features of his poem.

Слайд 1Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales

Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales

Слайд 2Let’s remember…
Give the main facts of Chaucer’s life.
What were the sources

of Chaucer’s creative work?
What is his masterpiece?
When did Chaucer die?
Where was he buried?
Speak on Chaucer’s place in English literature.
Some linguistic features of his poem.

Let’s remember…Give the main facts of Chaucer’s life.What were the sources of Chaucer’s creative work?What is his

Слайд 3Early Life
Born c. 1340
Son of a prosperous wine merchant
In mid teens,

he was placed in the service of the Countess of Ulster so he could obtain more education and be schooled in court and society life
Thus, he would have learned Latin and some Greek as well as perhaps some French and Italian
Early LifeBorn c. 1340Son of a prosperous wine merchantIn mid teens, he was placed in the service

Слайд 4Early Life (cont.)
In, 1359 he was captured by the French at

the seige of Reims during the Hundred Years' War while serving in English army; ransomed by King Edward III a year later
Chaucer joined the royal household and became a trusted messenger and minor diplomat



Early Life (cont.)In, 1359 he was captured by the French at the seige of Reims during the

Слайд 5As a Royal Messenger
Chaucer was frequently sent to the continent on

secret business for the King.
Some of these trips were to Italy where he became acquainted with the works of the great Italian authors: Boccaccio, Dante, Petrarch
These 3 were the greatest Italian writers of the early Renaissance period

As a Royal MessengerChaucer was frequently sent to the continent on secret business for the King.Some of

Слайд 6Outline
The three periods of Chaucer’s Writings.
Canterbury Tales.
Chaucer’s Role in English

Literature.
Outline The three periods of Chaucer’s Writings.Canterbury Tales.Chaucer’s Role in English Literature.

Слайд 7WRITING STYLES
Often called the father of English poetry
Most scholars still wrote

in Latin
Felt English lacked sophistication and had a limited vocabulary
Only local stories and ballads written in English
He wrote in the vernacular or language of the commoners ?Now known as Middle English
Allegory:
A story in which the character, settings, and events stand for abstract or moral concepts.
It has a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.
Popular in the Middle Ages.
Satire: a way of criticizing something such as a group of people or a system, in which the writer deliberately make them seem funny so that people will see their faults.
Rhythmic pattern: he introduced the iambic pentameter.
Lack of alliteration
Best known for writing The Canterbury Tales, but also produced several other works
WRITING STYLESOften called the father of English poetryMost scholars still wrote in LatinFelt English lacked sophistication and

Слайд 8CHAUCER’S MAIN WORKS
During the French period he wrote poems modelled on

French romance styles and subjects like:
The Romaunt of the Rose (before 1373), which introduces the reader into medieval court behavior in relation to courtly love;
The Book of the Duchesse (ca. 1369), a personal elegy in which the knight in black tells of his grief for the loss of his wife and this grief is then made the universal grief of all men for the death of all young, good wives.
During the Italian period he wrote
The Parliament of Foules (ca. 1380) which introduces the reader into one of the most popular genres of medieval literature, the Bird and the Beast Fable.
The House of Fame (ca. 1383), a masterpiece of comic fantasy dealing with the contemplation of the vanity of human wishes.
The Legend of Good Women (ca. 1385) which is about the unhappy fate of women who suffered in the cause of love.
Troylus and Criseyde (ca. 1380-5), a long poem adapted from Boccaccio which reveals a subtle psychological insight into the development of characters.
CHAUCER’S MAIN WORKSDuring the French period he wrote poems modelled on French romance styles and subjects like:The

Слайд 9In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer wrote about the people he had

met along the way. If you were doing the same thing today, think about the variety of types of people you know and have encountered.
In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer wrote about the people he had met along the way. If you

Слайд 10Describe them by:
Their job
The type and color of their clothing
Their “accessories”

(jewelry, pets, other portables)
The way they act
Their income
Their “secrets”
Their status in society as a whole
The way they speak / their slang or accent
Their mode of transportation

Describe them by:Their jobThe type and color of their clothingTheir “accessories” (jewelry, pets, other portables)The way they

Слайд 11Chaucer’s Plan ...
A Prologue followed by a series of stories and

linking dialogues and commentaries
Each character would tell 2 stories going and 2 stories coming home
uh… coming home from WHERE?
Canterbury of course. After all, his work IS called : The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s Plan ...A Prologue followed by a series of stories and linking dialogues and commentariesEach character would

Слайд 13But why go to Canterbury?

But why go to Canterbury?

Слайд 14One Answer: Religion
Canterbury has always been an important religious center in

England.
St. Augustine (seen in stained glass from the Canterbury Cathedral) was sent by Pope Gregory the Great to establish the Catholic faith in the country
Religion played an important part in medieval life.

One Answer: ReligionCanterbury has always been an important religious center in England.St. Augustine (seen in stained glass

Слайд 15Why was religion important?
It’s the Middle Ages
Plague
Warfare
High Infant Mortality Rate
Short Life

Expectancy
…and if you were a peasant, you lived your whole life in harsh conditions
About the best thing that you had to look forward to was dying and going to heaven
Why was religion important?It’s the Middle AgesPlagueWarfareHigh Infant Mortality RateShort Life Expectancy…and if you were a peasant,

Слайд 16England was divided among very strict class/economic lines
Thus, heaven was often

described as
a white shining castle in the sky.
England was divided among very strict class/economic linesThus, heaven was often described as a white shining castle

Слайд 17England was divided among very strict class/economic lines
Thus, heaven was often

described as
a white shining castle in the sky.
England was divided among very strict class/economic linesThus, heaven was often described as a white shining castle

Слайд 18England was divided among very strict class/economic lines
Thus, heaven was often

described as
a white shining castle in the sky.
England was divided among very strict class/economic linesThus, heaven was often described as a white shining castle

Слайд 19Also, Canterbury was a Pilgrimage Site
People of all classes went on

pilgrimages to holy sites to ask for help with medical, financial or other problems.
Also, Canterbury was a Pilgrimage SitePeople of all classes went on pilgrimages to holy sites to ask

Слайд 20The Shrine of St. Thomas à Becket

The Shrine of St. Thomas à Becket

Слайд 21Becket was a trusted adviser and friend of King Henry II.

Henry named Becket Archbishop of Canterbury.
Becket was a trusted adviser and friend of King Henry II. Henry named Becket Archbishop of Canterbury.

Слайд 22Becket’s outspoken style angered the King. One day, Henry complained, “Will

no one rid me of this meddlesome priest?” Three knights rode to Canterbury where they found Becket at the altar of Canterbury Cathedral.
Becket’s outspoken style angered the King. One day, Henry complained, “Will no one rid me of this

Слайд 23Becket was murdered at the altar.

Becket was murdered at the altar.

Слайд 24The death of Becket angered the peasants who felt his Saxon

heritage made him one of them.
The death of Becket angered the peasants who felt his Saxon heritage made him one of them.

Слайд 25Canterbury Cathedral became a site for pilgrims to offer prayers to

St. Thomas.
Canterbury Cathedral became a site for pilgrims to offer prayers to St. Thomas.

Слайд 26Today, a modern cross made from swords marks the site of

the martyrdom.
Today, a modern cross made from swords marks the site of the martyrdom.

Слайд 27A close-up of the altar.

A close-up of the altar.

Слайд 28The fact that Chaucer wrote in English (Middle English), rather than

French or Latin like many of his fellow writers, meant that ordinary folk could enjoy The Canterbury Tales and their vivid characters.
The fact that Chaucer wrote in English (Middle English), rather than French or Latin like many of

Слайд 29Chaucer surrounded by his characters.

Chaucer surrounded by his characters.

Слайд 30The late fourteenth century world was still very much one of

the spoken word. Books were copied out by hand and were a rare luxury till the advent of the printing press 70 years later. The educated elite could read, but they preferred to hear texts read out loud for entertainment. The Canterbury Tales, with their earthy humor and vivid dialogue, were a runaway success.
The late fourteenth century world was still very much one of the spoken word. Books were copied

Слайд 31So, let’s travel back to London, to the area called Southward,

and stop at the Tabard Inn.
So, let’s travel back to London, to the area called Southward, and stop at the Tabard Inn.

Слайд 32We’ll meet the characters and hear their stories.

We’ll meet the characters and hear their stories.

Слайд 33
Whan that Aprille with his shoures soote,
The droghte of March

hath perced to the roote,
And bathed every veyne in swich licóur
Of which vertú engendred is the flour;
Whan Zephirus eek with his swete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halfe cours y-ronne,
Whan that Aprille with his shoures soote, The droghte of March hath perced to the roote, And

Слайд 34
And smale foweles maken melodye,
That slepen al the nyght with

open ye,
So priketh hem Natúre in hir corages,
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,
And palmeres for to seken straunge strondes,
To ferne halwes, kowthe in sondry londes;
And specially, from every shires ende
Of Engelond, to Caunterbury they wende,
The hooly blisful martir for to seke,
That hem hath holpen whan that they were seeke.
And smale foweles maken melodye, That slepen al the nyght with open ye, So priketh hem Natúre

Слайд 35THE CANTERBURY TALES

Although the work was never completed, The Canterbury Tales

is considered one of the greatest works in the English language
The narrator meets 29 pilgrims at the Tabard Inn in London and travels with them to the shrine of St.Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The host of the inn suggests that each pilgrim should tell two stories while going to Canterbury and two on the way back: whoever can tell the best tale wins a dinner at the inn when they get back, courtesy of the other travelers.
While the genre of the Canterbury Tales as a whole is a "frame narrative," the General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales is an example of "Estates Satire," a genre which satirizes the abuses that occur within the three traditional Estates (in particular, the Clergy). 

THE CANTERBURY TALESAlthough the work was never completed, The Canterbury Tales is considered one of the greatest

Слайд 36HOME ASSIGNMENT
1. Why is Chaucer so much appreciated by the

English people? What is his contribution to the English language and the English Literature?
2. Paolo Pasolini was a great Italian film director. In 1972 he staged a film based on
Chaucer’s «Canterbury Tales». Find out more information about the film and its director. Make a presentation.
HOME ASSIGNMENT 1. Why is Chaucer so much appreciated by the English people? What is his contribution
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