Слайд 1English and American
literature
presentations
Слайд 4Robert Burns (25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796) (also known
as Rabbie Burns, Scotland's favourite son, the Ploughman Poet, the Bard of Ayrshire and in Scotland as simply The Bard) was a Scottish poet and a lyricist. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland, and is celebrated worldwide. He is the best known of the poets who have written in the Scots language, although much of his writing is also in English and a "light" Scots dialect, accessible to an audience beyond Scotland.
HIS LIFE
Слайд 5 Burns was born in Alloway, South Ayrshire, the eldest of the
seven children of William Burness
Слайд 6 He was born in a house built by his father (now
the Burns Cottage Museum), where he lived until Easter 1766, when he was seven years old.
Burns grew up in poverty and hardship, however, his casual love affairs did not endear him to the elders of the local kirk and created for him a reputation for dissoluteness amongst his neighbours.
Слайд 7He got little school education.
He could never earn enough money to
support his family. He lived in great poverty all his life.
He was a poetic genius. He had an aptitude for Scottish folk songs.
Слайд 8Burns wrote many poems in English.
His best poems The Jolly
Beggars, Halloween, Holy Willie’s Prayer, to a mouse, the two dogs and others.
Burns travelled a lot about Scotland collecting popular folk songs.
Many of his poems were put to music.
Слайд 9 Poetry of Burns
The poems of
Burns are written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subjects.
1) Political poems
2) Satirical poems
3) Lyrics
Mainly, 3 kinds
Examples
Слайд 10Works of Burns
Among 560 poems and songs , the most loved
are :
Ae Fond Kiss
A Red Red Rose
Tam O’Shanter
Address to the Haggis
Tae a Moose
A Man’s a Man for A’ That and
Auld Lang Syne
Слайд 11 Lyrical: A red, red rose
written in 1794, published in
1796
Слайд 12The poet’s song «Oh, my love is like a Red rose»,
is one of the most loved lyrical songs.
Many of songs he devoted to his wife.
Burns songs are the soul of music.
Beethoven, Schuman, Mendelssohn, others compose music to the poets verses.
Слайд 13I like Burns poetry, because it is very close to people’s
lives.
He wrote about the national struggle of the Scottish people for their liberation from English oppression.
Burns considered his literary work as his patriotic duty.
Слайд 14Burns and the Lasses
Burns married his life-long love Jean Armour
He had
11 children with 4 different women
He said ‘ The sweetest hours that ere I spent were spent amang the lasses o’
Слайд 15 Burns Day
Celebrated all over the world with food and drink
, dancing , poetry and song.
Слайд 18Born January 19, 1809, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. American short-story writer, poet,
critic, and editor Edgar Allan Poe's tales of mystery and horror initiated the modern detective story, and the atmosphere in his tales of horror is unrivaled in American fiction.
His The Raven (1845) numbers among the best-known poems in national literature.
Synopsis
Слайд 19The son of actors, Poe never really knew his parents. His
father left the family early on, and his mother passed away when he was only three. Separated from his siblings, Poe went to live with John and Frances Allan, a successful tobacco merchant and his wife, in Richmond, Virginia.
Слайд 20Poe turned to gambling to cover the difference, but ended up
in debt. He returned home only to his neighbor and fiancée Elmira Royster had become engaged to someone else. Heartbroken and frustrated, Poe left the Allans.Career Beginnings.
At first, Poe seemed to be harboring twin aspirations. Poe published his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems in 1827, and he had joined the army around this time. Poe wanted to go to West Point, a military academy, and won a spot there in 1830. Before going to West Point, he published a second collection Al Aaraaf, Tamberlane, and Minor Poems in 1829. Poe excelled at his studies at West Point, but he was kicked out after a year for his poor handling of his duties
Слайд 21After leaving the academy, Poe focused his writing full time. He
moved around in search of opportunity, living in New York City, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Richmond.
Poe also published some of his own works in the magazine, including two parts of his only novel, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym. But his problems with alcohol played a role in his departure, according to some reports.
Слайд 22His sheer versatility continues to astonish. Without Poe, the literary arts
of horror, adventure, detective, and science fiction—and, arguably, the short story itself—would have developed very differently. In addition to fiction in several genres, he wrote as famous a poem as American literature can claim. He practiced literary criticism as fine art, blood sport, and, with a series of female poets, the highest form of flirtation. If the movies had existed in the nineteenth century, he might have written screenplays as well—and bedeviled his producers as reliably as he did most of his editors.
"I would give the world to embody one half the ideas afloat in my imagination."
—Edgar Allan Poe
from an 1829 letter
Слайд 23Ilustrations to his poems & books
Слайд 24Thank You For Watching my presentation!
Слайд 25Mark Twain
Novels; Humor/Satire; Short
Stories; Plays; Essays; Letters
Mark Twain (1835-1910)
Слайд 26Introduction
Mark Twain was the most celebrated writer of his time. He
was a writer, humorist, adventurer and prankster but died a curmudgeon. He felt strongly about his beliefs and opinions. In his early life Twain found adventure, it seemed, every where he went. He was in Virginia and nearly found himself in a dual. He went to Hawaii were he spent time in a commune with beautiful Hawaiian woman. He promoted himself at every opportunity. He wore a white suit that allowed him to stand out among the populous.
He hated wealth because of its collateral damage of corruption it caused at the expense of the less fortunate. However, that didn’t deter him from trying to attain it. He poured money into get rich quick schemes of which none availed his desired hopes, in fact, it caused him to go bankrupt. He defended the slaves and the Chinese immigrants of the indignities brought upon them by the rich. He poked at that values that rich American’s held to the delight of the underdog. History would judge him on his writings causing him to hold the title of an American icon.
Слайд 27 Father and Mother
John Clemens- lawyer, storekeeper, judge and land speculator
Mother
Jane was a fun and spirited woman
She lived in poverty for years after husband died
His father found solace in alcohol
and died suddenly from pneumonia when Sam was 11
Слайд 28Childhood
Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens on November 30, 1835 in Florida Missouri
Sixth
of seven children John and Jane Clemens
Moved to Hannibal, Missouri at age 4
Quit school at the age of twelve
Слайд 29Childhood
Father and uncle owned slaves
Spent summer days in slave quarters listening
to tales and spiritual fodder
Witnessed a slave get beat to
death by a white man
Worked as printer’s apprentice allowing for knowledge of world news
Слайд 30Young Adult
At 18 went to Philadelphia, New York and Washington working
per diem as newspaper reporter mailing his stories to his brother
His brother Orion published Sam’s work in his Muscatine Journal
Слайд 31Young Adult
At 21 he convinced Horace Bixby to teach him the
art of piloting a steamboat on the Mississippi River
From 1816-1870 the steamboat carried cotton and sugar also passengers
Piloted for two years before the Civil War started
Joined a confederate unit called the Marion Rangers and quit after two weeks
Слайд 33Young Adult
In 1861, at 26 followed his brother Orion, appointed by
President Lincoln as Secretary to Nevada Territory, by stagecoach, west as his assistant
Hoped to strike it rich in Nevada's silver rush
The journey’s trials and tribulations became fodder for his book, Roughing It
Слайд 34Twain’s Twenties
Unable to be profitable in either mining or assisting his
brother and in of a job
Sept. of 1861 became a writer for the Virginia City Territorial, Nevada
Uses the pseudonym “Mark Twain” for first time-which is a steamboat term that means 12 feet of water
Слайд 35Twain’s Twenties
Wrote for the Territorial Enterprise for 3 years under the
name Mark Twain with a style of friendliness and sharp wit
Wrote editorials, articles and featured funny stories with a sharp wit
Needing a change of scenery he headed to San Francisco in 1865
Continued to write stories for local news papers becoming a favorite story teller to many fans
Слайд 36Notable Quotes
“Get your facts first, and then you can distort them
as much as you please.”
“Grief can take care of itself, but to get the full value of a joy you must have somebody to divide it with.”
“By trying we can easily learn to endure adversity -- another man's I mean.”
“Humor is the great thing, the saving thing. The minute it crops up, all our irritations and resentments slip away and a sunny spirit takes their place.”
“I thoroughly disapprove of duels. If a man should challenge me, I would take him kindly and forgivingly by the hand and lead him to a quiet place and kill him.”
Слайд 37Twain’s Thirties
His big break came in 1865 mocking the mining camp
he once inhabited with the publication of “Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog” Later named “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
Became so popular he started on lecture tours
Слайд 38Twain’s Thirties
In 1867, hired by Alto California when he embarked
on a 5 month sea journey through the Mediterranean writing about the journey that was met with huge audience acceptance
In 1869 he finished and published
“ The Innocents Abroad”
becoming one of the best
writers in America
Слайд 39Twain’s Thirties
Big names of literary America where centered in Boston and
Cambridge and Twain wanted their respect
Twain was quoted as saying, “ I want to obtain the respectful regard of high eastern civilization” and said it with a serious face
He felt like he was crude and lacking class
Слайд 40Twain’s Thirties
In 1870,after dating for two years he marries the daughter
of rich coal merchant, Olivia Langdon and settles in Buffalo, New York
improving his social status,
asking her to help ‘”reform” his
western ways
Joins the Buffalo Express
as a partner, editor and writer
Becomes a father for the first time to Langdon Clemens who dies at the age of two from diphtheria
Слайд 41Twain’s Forties
Although living in Hartford Twain found the most solitude at
his sister in-law’s house in upstate New York were he wrote most of his famous books
Twain’s style captured the conscience of America by writing about his own history, political corruption, greed, slavery and the Reconstruction era
Слайд 42Notable Quotes
“I am opposed to millionaires, but it would be dangerous
to offer me the position.”
I didn't attend the funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying that I approved of it.
Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear - not absence of fear.
I have never let my schooling interfere with my education.
A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval.
Слайд 43Twain’s Forties
In 1880, Twain writes the book “The Tramp Abroad” depicting
his travels through Europe
In 1882, he turns out another 2 books that deal with the social injustices and class relations in America called “The Prince and the Pauper and again in 1889 with “Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court
Слайд 44Twain’s Forties
Twain rounds out his forties with two books that bring
him back to his Mississippi years “Life on the Mississippi” in 1883 and the “Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” in 1885
Слайд 45Twain’s Fifties
After writing “A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court” Twain,
in 1892, wrote “The American Claimant”
“The American Claimant” was written with the help of a phonographic dictation machine.
Слайд 46Twain’s Fifties
In 1884, Twain started his own publishing firm in order
to retain the money he was paying publishers to publish his books
Huckleberry Finn was the first book published by his new found company
Ulysses S. Grant published his memoir papers through Twain’s company and was very profitable for Twain and the Grant estate
Слайд 47Twain’s Fifties
Twain made some bad investments; one being, investing $250,000 in
the Paige typesetting machine
in 1891,Twain’s bad investments on new inventions was the cause of going bankrupt and having to pack up his family and move to Europe were it was cheaper to live in hopes of paying of creditors by lecturing he never returned until 1900
Слайд 49Twain’s Fifties
In 1894, Twain writes “Tom Sawyer Abroad” that entails Tom
Sawyer and Huck Finn traveling to Africa in a hot air balloon
This same year he published “The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson” which again took on the social issues of slavery
c. 1895 his daughter Susy dies from meningitis
Слайд 50Twain’s Sixties
In 19oo Twain finishes paying off his debts and returns
to America and describes himself an anti-imperialist and becomes vice president of the Anti-Imperialist League
Twain died at the age 0f 74 of a heart attack at his home in Redding Conn. and buried far from Hannibal, MO in Elmira, New York
Слайд 52Life
Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, 1859) was an
American author, essayist, biographer and historian of the early 19th century. He was best known for his short stories "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle",
Слайд 53Life
both of which appear in his book The Sketch Book of
Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. His historical works include biographies of George Washington,
Слайд 54Oliver Goldsmith and Muhammad, and several histories of 15th-century Spain dealing
with subjects such as Christopher Columbus, the Moors, and the Alhambra. Irving also served as the U.S. minister to Spain from 1842 to 1846.
Слайд 55He made his literary debut in 1802 with a series of
observational letters to the Morning Chronicle, written under the pseudonym Jonathan Oldstyle.
Слайд 56After moving to England for the family business in 1815, he
achieved international fame with the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.
Слайд 57in 1819. He continued to publish regularly—and almost always successfully—throughout his
life, and completed a five-volume biography of George Washington just eight months before his death, at age 76, in Tarrytown, New York.
Слайд 58Irving, along with James Fenimore Cooper, was among the first American
writers to earn acclaim in Europe, and Irving encouraged American authors such as Nathaniel Hawthorne,
Слайд 59Life
Herman Melville, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and Edgar Allan Poe. Irving was
also admired by some European writers, including Sir Walter Scott, Lord Byron,
Слайд 60Life
Thomas Campbell, Francis Jeffrey, and Charles Dickens. As America's first genuine
internationally best-selling author, Irving advocated for writing as a legitimate profession, and argued for stronger laws to protect American writers from copyright infringement.
Слайд 61Stories
Letters of Jonathan Oldstyle
Salmagundi
A History of New York
The Sketch Book of
Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.
Слайд 62Name of Presentation
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Слайд 71Mark Twain
Running for Governor
Nadya Kalachyova
Form 11 ‘B’
School 1
Слайд 72Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),better known
by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. He is most noted for his novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), the latter often called "the Great American Novel."
Слайд 73Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which would later provide the
setting for Huckleberry Finn and
Tom Sawyer. He apprenticed with a printer. He also worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion's newspaper. After toiling as a printer in various cities, he became a master riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion. He was a failure at gold mining, so he next turned to journalism. While a reporter, he wrote a humorous story, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," which became very popular and brought nationwide attention. His travelogues were also well received. Twain had found his calling.
Слайд 76Writing Characteristics of
Mark Twain
Literature is an art of language. Mark
Twain’s language is artistic and like a sharp weapon without doubt. Mark Twain is famous for his humor and satire.
Mark Twain’s humor is based on the humor of the Western in America.
He used a lot of colloquial idioms and colloquial syntax.
He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines.
He used the artistic style of hyperbole on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
Слайд 77"Running for Governor"
"Running for Governor" appears to be an excellent example
of Mark Twain's talent of a humorist and satirist.
Right from the beginning we get involved in the preelectoral race where the narrator is the main aspirant to the post. The narrator and the author coincide, this and the fact that the story is told in the first person narrative bring us close to Mark Twain and we take his point of view and believe him or at least sympathize with him.
Слайд 78Moreover it's clear as a day - accusations are exaggerated. [Hyperbole
- "to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meager plantain-patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and desolation", "they have been endorsed and re-endorsed by his own eloquent silence"].
Слайд 79Surely, there are hints that remind of some bits of truth,
"three long years had passed over my head since I had tasted ale, beer, wine, liquor of any kind." But the point is who has never been mistaken? Moreover, let bygones be bygones.
Слайд 80As a result, such a great stream of charges washed away
all the grounds on which Mark Twain was running for Governor, and what's more important, his wish and self-assurance to go on in politics.
Thus, his opponents got rid of him.
Слайд 84Mark Twain
Running for Governor
Nadya Kalachyova
Form 11 ‘B’
School 1
Слайд 85Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),better known
by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. He is most noted for his novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), the latter often called "the Great American Novel."
Слайд 86Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which would later provide the
setting for Huckleberry Finn and
Tom Sawyer. He apprenticed with a printer. He also worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion's newspaper. After toiling as a printer in various cities, he became a master riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion. He was a failure at gold mining, so he next turned to journalism. While a reporter, he wrote a humorous story, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," which became very popular and brought nationwide attention. His travelogues were also well received. Twain had found his calling.
Слайд 89Writing Characteristics of
Mark Twain
Literature is an art of language. Mark
Twain’s language is artistic and like a sharp weapon without doubt. Mark Twain is famous for his humor and satire.
Mark Twain’s humor is based on the humor of the Western in America.
He used a lot of colloquial idioms and colloquial syntax.
He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines.
He used the artistic style of hyperbole on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
Слайд 90"Running for Governor"
"Running for Governor" appears to be an excellent example
of Mark Twain's talent of a humorist and satirist.
Right from the beginning we get involved in the preelectoral race where the narrator is the main aspirant to the post. The narrator and the author coincide, this and the fact that the story is told in the first person narrative bring us close to Mark Twain and we take his point of view and believe him or at least sympathize with him.
Слайд 91Moreover it's clear as a day - accusations are exaggerated. [Hyperbole
- "to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meager plantain-patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and desolation", "they have been endorsed and re-endorsed by his own eloquent silence"].
Слайд 92Surely, there are hints that remind of some bits of truth,
"three long years had passed over my head since I had tasted ale, beer, wine, liquor of any kind." But the point is who has never been mistaken? Moreover, let bygones be bygones.
Слайд 93As a result, such a great stream of charges washed away
all the grounds on which Mark Twain was running for Governor, and what's more important, his wish and self-assurance to go on in politics.
Thus, his opponents got rid of him.
Слайд 98February 27, 1807 – March 24, 1882
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was an
American poet and educator whose works include "Paul Revere's Ride", The Song of Hiawatha, and Evangeline. He was also the first American to translate Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy and was one of the five Fireside Poets.
Слайд 99Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine, which was then a part
of Massachusetts. He studied at Bowdoin College. After spending time in Europe he became a professor at Bowdoin and, later, at Harvard College. His first major poetry collections were Voices of the Night (1839) and Ballads and Other Poems (1841). Longfellow retired from teaching in 1854 to focus on his writing, living the remainder of his life in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in a former headquarters of George Washington. His first wife Mary Potter died in 1835 after a miscarriage. His second wife Frances Appleton died in 1861 after sustaining burns when her dress caught fire. After her death, Longfellow had difficulty writing poetry for a time and focused on his translation. He died in 1882
Слайд 100Birthplace of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Portland
Слайд 101Mary Storer Potter became Longfellow's first wife in 1831 and died
four years later.
Слайд 102After a seven-year courtship, Longfellow married Frances Appleton in 1843
Слайд 103Longfellow circa 1850
Longfellow and his friend Senator Charles Sumner
Слайд 104The first Longfellow stamp was first issued in Portland, Maine on
February 16, 1940.
Слайд 105The Village Blacksmith" (manuscript page 1)
Слайд 106Grave of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Mount Auburn Cemetery
Слайд 108 THE SLAVE'S DREAM
Beside the ungathered rice he lay,
His sickle in his hand;
His breast was bare, his matted hair'
Was buried in the sand.
Again, in the mist and shadow of sleep,
He saw his Native Land.
Wide through the landscape of his dreams
The lordly Niger flowed;
Beneath the palm-trees on the plain
Once more a king he strode;
And heard the tinkling caravans
Descend the mountain-road.
Novels
Outre-Mer: A Pilgrimage Beyond the Sea (Travelogue) (1835)
Hyperion, a Romance (1839)
The Spanish Student. A Play in Three Acts (1843)[52]
Evangeline: A Tale of Acadie (epic poem) (1847)
Kavanagh (1849)
The Golden Legend (poem) (1851)
The Song of Hiawatha (epic poem) (1855)
The New England Tragedies (1868)
The Divine Tragedy (1871)
Christus: A Mystery (1872)
Aftermath (poem) (1873)
The Arrow and the Song (poem)
Poetry
Voices of the Night (1839)
Ballads and Other Poems (1841)
Poems on Slavery (1842)
The Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems (1845)
Birds of Passage (1845)
The Seaside and the Fireside (1850)
The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems (1858)
Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863)
Household Poems (1865)
Flower-de-Luce (1867)
Three Books of Song (1872)[106]
The Masque of Pandora and Other Poems (1875)[106]
Kéramos and Other Poems (1878)[106]
Ultima Thule (1880)[106]
In the Harbor (1882)[106]
Michel Angelo: A Fragment (incomplete; published posthumou