Презентация, доклад по английскому языку Russia - national holidays, symbols & handicrafts

handicrafts

Russian traditions are deeply rooted not only in Orthodoxy, but even in paganism. The Russians continue to celebrate some pagan holidays.

paganism is still observed in such holidays as Maslenitsa orIvan Kupala.

to Russia from Byzantium together with Christianity at the end of X century. This Christian holiday is celebrated throughout Russia.

of the world. It starts with the advent. The Orthodox Church celebrates Christmas according to the Julian calendar on January 7, whereas western churches celebrate it on December 25 according to the Gregorian calendar.

that is, holy days. The twelve days end by the great event of Nativity. At Christmas-tide it is common to visit the sick, the elderly, give gifts and treats.

the whole family, young and old, sometimes, a few families took part in the Christmas divination. This rite is observed from the times of paganism.

celebrate Epiphany. This spiritual festival is dedicated to the great biblical event, the Baptism of Jesus Christ in the waters of the Jordan River. People take part in a wonderful tradition - Epiphany bathing. According to the Bible any water on this day is considered to be healing and miraculous. 

celebration on the night of July 6-7 (June 23-24 in the Julian calendar). This festival is timed to the birth of St. John the Baptist .
The holiday is largely focused on the elements of water and fire, and many of the traditions of Ivan Kupala Day incorporate these, including:

evening, the wreathes are let loose to float on the water with burning candles; the girl whose wreath travels the furthest will have the most happiness during the year, and the girl whose candle burns the longest will live a long life.

Swimming: A swim in the water during celebrations is thought to be purifying.

Bonfires: Bonfires last through the night and their flames are seen as purifying. It is believed that jumping over the bonfires will eradicate illness or bad luck, and those who jump the highest will have happiness during the year.

is the last week before Great Lent. Sometimes it is called the "pancake week", because in this time everyone has to cook and eat pancakes. 

For example, on Tuesday different games are held in the open air. Everyone can take part in them.  On Wednesday you have to visit your mother-in-law and eat pancakes at her place. On Thursday you can go sled-riding. On Sunday a straw effigy symbolizing winter is burnt. On Sunday you have to ask for forgiveness from all your close relatives and friends.

forged metal (tin) trays, existing since 1825 in the village of Zhostovo Mytishchi district, Moscow region.
The main motive of Zhostovo painting is a floral bouquet.

known as one of the oldest and largest centers of china production in Russia, a true cradle of Russian ceramics. Gzhel is also the word for traditional Russian blue and white porcelain produced there since the 19th century - the region is famous for it.

known for its vivid flower patterns, red, green, and gold colors over a black background, and the effect it has when applied to wooden table. It first appeared in the second half of the 17th century ware or furniture, making it look heavier and metal-like. The handicraft was named Khokhloma after a trade settlement.

a body of triangular shape.

Balalaika is a tool which has become, along with the accordion, the symbol of the Russian people. The most famous Russian national instrument.

particularly well-suited to tea-drinking. The Russian expression "to have a sit by the samovar" means to have a leisurely talk while drinking tea from a samovar. 

In everyday use samovars were an economical permanent source of hot water. Various slow-burning items could be used for fuel, such as charcoal or dry pinecones. When not in use, the fire in the samovar pipe faintly smouldered. As needed it could be quickly rekindled with the help of bellows. Although a Russian jackboot  (sapog) could be used for this purpose

the old days, were still in wide use in the countryside until the 1930s.

symbols of traditional clothing in Russia. 100% sheep's wool is used to make seamless, warm and healthy felt shoes. Russian valenki is a perfect footwear in dry snow on a frosty day. Russian felt boots are not water-resistant, you need to put on rubber shoes - galoshes to protect valenki from water and tear. Valenki have been the footwear for generations of Russians.

than the traditional Russian nesting doll. These decorated wooden dolls "with a secret" are also called matryoshka dolls or babushka dolls. A set of matryoshkas consists of a wooden figure which separates, top from bottom, to reveal a smaller figure of the same sort inside, which has, in turn, another figure inside of it, and so on.