Презентация, доклад по английскому языку по теме Авиационные приборы

system measures air pressure and compares it to static pressure to indicate the aircraft's speed through the air.

The pitot-static system supplies power to three basic aircraft instruments:
- the airspeed indicator, 
- altimeter, 
- vertical speed indicator.

on the exterior of the aircraft that is used to measure airspeed.
Some types or pitot tubes have an electronic heating element inside of the tube that prevents ice from blocking the air inlet or drain hole.

usually located on the side of the aircraft, flush against the fuselage. 
The static port measures static (non-moving) air pressure, which is also known as ambient pressure or barometric pressure. Some aircraft have more than one static port, and some aircraft have an alternate static port in case one or more of the ports becomes blocked.
On Mi-8 this port is located on PVD-6M

altimeter, and vertical speed indicator. Static lines connect to all three instruments and ram air pressure from the pitot tube connects to only the airspeed indicator.

pressures and in the case of the airspeed indicator, both static and dynamic pressure.
1. Airspeed: The airspeed indicator is a sealed case with an aneroid diaphragm inside of it.
When airspeed increases, the dynamic pressure inside of the diaphragm increases as well, causing the diaphragm to expand. 
Through mechanical linkage and gears, the airspeed is depicted by a needle pointer on the face of the instrument.

pressures and in the case of the airspeed indicator, both static and dynamic pressure.
1. Altimeter: The altimeter acts as a barometer and is also supplied with static pressure from the static ports.
They expand and contract as the pressure rises and falls in the surrounding instrument case. A Kollsman window inside of the cockpit allows the pilot to calibrate the instrument to the local altimeter setting to account for non-standard atmospheric pressure.

pressures and in the case of the airspeed indicator, both static and dynamic pressure.
1. VSI: The vertical speed indicator has a thin sealed diaphragm connected to the static port. The surrounding instrument case is also sealed and supplied static air pressure with a metered leak at the back of the case.
Once the aircraft levels off, the pressures from both the metered leak and the static pressure from inside the diaphragm equalize, and the VSI dial returns to zero to show level flight.