Презентация, доклад по английскому языку Образование в Англии. 18-19 век

the old sсhool building in Duke Street,1763

of parish and private schools.

But increasing urbanization now began to create new problems which no one seemed very keen to do anything about.

Old_Grammar_School

attempt to meet the needs of children in the growing towns and cities was that of the Charity Schools movement which began to develop around the end of the 17th century. They provided basic education for the poor.

St Mary Rotherhithe Free School

Sunday Schools

C) Schools under the system of Lancaster and Bell

and elementary instruction

Cockermouth industrial school

first attempt to legislate education for children (mostly boys) of the lower class. The best available time was Sunday as the boys were often working in the factories the other 6 days. Schools provided basic literacy education alongside religious instruction to keep children of the lower class from crime.

St Mary's Sunday school

“The children were to come after 10 in the morning and stay till 12; they were then to go home and return at 1; and after reading a lesson they were to be employed in repeating the catechism till after 5 and then dismissed with an injunction to go home without making a noise.”

new method of educating the working class. In the Lancaster system the most able pupils were made monitors and they

were put in charge of other pupils. The monitors were taught early in the day before the other children arrived. When they did monitors taught them.

schools for girls were founded in some towns. In them girls were taught subjects like writing, music and sewing. There were at least 13 secondary schools for girls in the country.

old grammar schools still largely served the upper classes and obtained their pupils from the preparatory schools

schools and led to the 1868 Public Schools Act
The Taunton Report(1868) and the Act which followed it in dealt with separate institutions for the middle class.
The Newcastle Report(1861) and the 1870 Act dealt with elementary education for the masses.

Royal Commission on the Public Schools (the Clarendon Report) began the reorganization of secondary education still on a narrow class basis. It established a separate class of 'public schools'

Charterhouse School

Charterhouse School

middle classes:

1.Upper and upper–middle class boys would remain at school until the age of 18 and would prepare them for the universities

3.Lower middle class boys would be educated up to the age of 14 and would be expected to become ‘small tenant farmers, small tradesmen and superior artisans’

2.Middle class boys would stay on till 16 to be prepared for the army and departments of the Civil Service

The Taunton School in our days

Elementary Education Act (The Forster Act) which introduced compulsory universal education for all children aged 5-13

William Edward Forster
Vice-President of the Committee of Council on Education

The Newcastle Commission recommended that the state should provide 'sound and cheap elementary instruction to all classes of the people'

class;
Provide a restricted curriculum. Children were to be taught to understand and follow simple instructions, to calculate simple measurements, weights and money, to be able to work with simple machinery or to serve in shops ;
Operated the ‘monitorial’ system whereby a teacher supervised a large class with assistance from a team of monitors

aged 5-13 and established school boards to oversee and complete the network of schools and to bring them all under some form of supervision

School Boards

Monogram of the School Board For London

London School Board