Слайд 2Nalchik. The capital of Kabardino-Balkarsk Republic.
Слайд 3 It is situated at the picturesque surroundings at the
foothills of the Main Caucasian Range, on both sides of the river Nalchik.
Nature outlined the town’s borders by mountains which are fancy curved in the shape of a «horseshoe».
That’s why people gave it the name Nalchik.
Слайд 4 The town’s nature is beautiful. Nalchik is rightfully
called the
garden-town,
the town of flowers and blue fir-trees.
Слайд 5The history of Nalchik goes back to 1818, when it was
founded as a fortress. The fortress was the most important fortification of tsarist Russia in the Caucasus at the times of the Colonial Caucasus War that lasted 100 years.
Слайд 6 In 1838 a military settlement was formed near
the fortress. In 1871 it was transformed into a large village-«sloboda» with the population of 2.500 people.
And in 1884 Nalchik was given a status of a town. About 8.000 people lived there by that time. Nowadays its population is 300.000 citizens.
Слайд 7 At the beginning of the 20-th century Nalchik represented the
small out-of-the-way town. There was no electricity and running water. Most of the town’s houses were built of adobe bricks, their roofs were covered with straw and reed. Hens, pigs and other domestic animals were walking along dusty and dirty Nalchik streets.
Слайд 8 Only the main street Vorontsovskaya (Kabardinskaya at present time
) stood out by its rich stone houses. They are: the house of a merchant Zipalov, the Shuiskiys’ hotel, the building of the real vocational school, the church and the brick-making plant. The two primary schools were also there…
Слайд 9 After the Socialist Revolution,1917, Nalchik changed greatly. Twenty
three industrial enterprises, different workshops appeared in the town. A number of hospitals, secondary schools, culture clubs and cinemas were built. Many people moved into new comfortable flats and houses. The streets were paved and planted with trees and flowers.
Слайд 10 During the Great Patriotic War thousands of
Nalchik dwellers went to the front to defend their Motherland, and those who remained in the town worked selflessly, making ammunition and products needed for the front.
Слайд 11 About 9 thousand Nalchik dwellers gave
their lives for their homeland. Eight fighting men were awarded with a title of the Hero of the Soviet Union, over ten thousand people were awarded with Orders an Medals and the Capital of the Republic was awarded an Order of the Great Patriotic War of the first grade. In honour of the sons and daughters who died defending their homeland from fascists the Eternal Fire of Glory Monument was erected in the town’s park.
Слайд 12 Nalchik was occupied by fascists from October 28,1942
to January 3,1943. In the short period of occupation it was completely ruined.
Слайд 13 After the War Nalchik turned into a big
construction site. Many new plants, hospitals, houses, schools, shops were erected. Now this tendency is being continued.
Слайд 14 Today Nalchik is a modern town with straight wide
streets, high-storeyed buildings, large squares
Слайд 15 and a park, the oldest and the most
beautiful in the North Caucasus. The people of Nalchik are proud of it. The park is rich in the variety of flora. Its territory is 200 hectares.
Слайд 16 Nalchik is a well-known balneological-mud health-resort. It
obtains numerous of sanatoriums and rest-homes. They are all allocated in the park-zone.
Слайд 17Now we are in Lenin Street.
It is the main and
the longest street in Nalchik.
Слайд 18Here, on a tall pedestal, stands a bronze statue of a
highland woman – a monument symbolizing our people’s friendship with Russia. Four hundred and fifty years ago Kabarda voluntarily joined the Russian State.
Слайд 19 The House of Parliament and the House of
Government of the Republic are in Lenin Street.
Слайд 20 Here you can see the publishing-house
«Elbrus» that publishes books of about 200 titles a year.
These are the editorial offices of the Republic’s newspapers and magazines.
Слайд 21 The restaurant «Sosruko» can be seen from here.
Sosruko is the hero of Nart’s legends, who brought fire to his people.
Слайд 22 Further on there is the TV
centre. Its programmes have been broadcasting since 1968. At the end of Lenin Street is the highest construction in Nalchik – the television tower.
Слайд 23 Nalchik is not only a political and
administrative centre of Kabardino-Balkaria. It’s also a town of students, who study at the 15 departments of the State University, at more than 5 Institutes, 7 Technical Schools and special colleges.
Слайд 24 It is a town of workers, who work
at a range of plants and factories producing machines, machine tools, electronic devices, high-voltage equipment, confectionary, furniture and other goods.
Слайд 25 The Capital has the most important cultural centres
as the State Academy Folk Dance ensembles «Kabardinka» and «Balkaria»,
Слайд 26 the Russian and the National Drama theatres, a phylarmony.
Слайд 27 The doors of two museums, 5 cinemas,
Слайд 28 over 100 libraries, of which the Kabardino-Balkarsk National Library
is the leading one,
Слайд 29 many Palaces of Culture and Sport, concert halls are
opened for Nalchik dwellers.
Welcome to our town! We wish it prosperity, social and material welfare, good ecology and much happiness for all its citizens and guests!
Слайд 30VIII. Watching the film. Nalchik Quiz.
Слайд 32X. Sum up.
Marks criteria:
1. creative participation and cooperation;
2. realization of individual
tasks;
3. analyzing of everybody’s benefit;
4. achievements of the project.