КАФЕДРА ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ
КАФЕДРА ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ
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Проконтролировать знания лексического материала по теме «Holidays and tradition in Russia and English-speaking countries»
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Every nation and every country has its own customs and traditions. But there are also international holidays which are celebrated in all countries world-wide. They are: Christmas, New Year, Easter and St. Valentine's day. Christmas comes but once a year. Christmas is a traditional family reunion day. On this day, many people attend a church service, open their presents and eat a Christmas dinner. In Britain, Christmas is the most important public holiday of the year. It combines the custom of giving gifts with the tradition of spending this day with the family.
The most American holiday is Thanksgiving day. It was first celebrated in early colonial times by Pilgrim Fathers after their first good harvest. Thanksgiving is a day when the family eats a large traditional dinner, usually with turkey and pumpkin pie.
In Russia we celebrate Women's day on the 8th of March. On this day men are supposed to do everything about the house and cook all the meals. Every country has its own traditions, customs and superstitions. Someone once said: Don't be superstitious, it will bring you bad luck. I think it is very important to follow special traditions, because they untie people. In Britain traditions play more important part in the life of the people than in some other countries. English are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up
Christmas Day
Boxing Day
New Year's Day
New Year Traditions in Britain
Epiphany
Valentine's Day
St. Valentine's Day is now a day for sweethearts. It is the day that you show your friend or loved one that you care. You can send candy to someone you think is special. Or you can send roses, the flower of love. Most people send «valentines, a greeting card named after the notes that St. Valentine wrote from jail. Valentines can be sentimental, romantic and heartfelt. They can be funny and friendly. If the sender is shy, valentines can be anonymous.
Americans of all ages love to send and receive valentines. Handmade valentines are created by cutting hearts out of coloured paper. Valentines can be heart-shaped, or have hearts, the symbol of love, on them. In elementary schools, children make valentines for their classmates and put them in a large decorated box, similar to a mailbox. On February 14, the teachers open the box and distribute the valentines to each student. After the students read their valentines, they have a small party with refreshments.
April Fools Day
Mothering Sunday
Good Friday
April
Easter Sunday (Easter Day)
The Easter Bunny
Rabbits, due to their fecund nature, have always been a symbol of fertility. The Easter bunny (rabbit) however may actually be an Easter hare. The hare was allegedly a companion of the ancient Moon goddess and of Eostre.
However the bunny as an Easter symbol seems to come to the UK from Germany, where it was first mentioned in German writings in the 16th Century. The first edibleEaster bunnies appeared in Germany during the early 1800s, they were made of pastry and sugar. Children in the UK believe that if they are good the «Easter Bunny » will leave (chocolate) eggs for them.
Dressing Up For Easter.
Easter was once a traditional day for getting married, that may be why people often dress up for Easter. Women wear special Easter bonnets — decorated with flowers and ribbons. Even today in London there is a special Easter Parade, where hand-made bonnets are shown off.
The Queen's Official birthday
Trooping the Colour
St George's Day
Early May Bank Holiday
Spring Bank Holiday
Summer Bank Holiday
Halloween
On Halloween children dress up in costumes and go from door to door at dusk gleefully calling "Trick or Treat!" The holiday got its name from "All Hallows Evening" or the evening before All Saints Day, November 1, according to the western European Christian church calendar.
Children still go begging for treats. However, over the last few years, school, church and neighbourhood parties are replacing the custom of trick or treating from house to house. More and more adults are also celebrating Halloween with masquerade parties in which they dress up like political and historical figures, or just plain old scary fellows from recent horror films like ghosts, vampires, goblins, Frankenstein, etc. Witches flying on broomsticks with black cats, skeletons, spiders and haunted houses are other symbols of Halloween.
Remembrance Day
Many people have lost their loved ones and close relatives during this ruthless war. From one hand everyone is happy that the country wasn’t occupied by the fascist invaders, from the other hand everyone grieves over their loss. On this day we are grateful to our saviors, to those who sacrificed their lives for us. That’s why we try to celebrate this day with honours. Some part of younger generation doesn’t understand the importance of this event, which I think is disrespectful. In my opinion, the Victory Day is one of the greatest holidays during the year.
During these weeks people avoid eating fat meals, meat and there are few entertainments.
People must work hard, pray and clean their soul.
Shrovetide
During these days people should avoid eating any kind of meat, but they are to eat much butter, cheese, sour cream, lots of pancakes. Lent follows Maslenitza, it is the strictest and long holiday, it lasts 7 weeks.
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