-Thomas Edison
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
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Презентация, доклад по английскому языку. Electric Circuits
Содержание
- 1. Презентация по английскому языку. Electric Circuits
- 2. Ohm’s LawI = V / RGeorg Simon
- 3. How you should be thinking about electric
- 4. Resistance: friction that impedes flow of current
- 5. Current: the actual “substance” that is flowing
- 6. Would This Work?
- 7. Would This Work?
- 8. Would This Work?
- 9. The Central Concept: Closed Circuit
- 10. circuit diagramcellswitchlampwiresScientists usually draw electric circuits using symbols;
- 11. Simple Circuits Series circuitAll in a row1
- 12. The current decreases because the resistance increases.
- 13. Place two bulbs in parallel. What do
- 14. measuring currentElectric current is measured in amps
- 15. measuring currentAAThis is how we draw an ammeter in a circuit.SERIES CIRCUITPARALLEL CIRCUIT
- 16. measuring voltageThe ‘electrical push’ which the cell
- 17. measuring voltageVThis is how we draw a voltmeter in a circuit.SERIES CIRCUITPARALLEL CIRCUITV
- 18. OHM’s LAWMeasure the current and voltage across each circuit.Use Ohm’s Law to compute resistanceSeries CircuitParallel Circuit
- 19. measuring currentSERIES CIRCUITPARALLEL CIRCUIT current is the
- 20. fill in the missing ammeter readings.??4A4A4A3A??1A?3A1A1A
- 21. The circuit is no longer complete, therefore
- 22. The current remains the same. The total
- 23. Series Circuitsonly one end of each component
- 24. Circuit in Diagram Form_In a closed circuit,
- 25. copy the following circuits and fill in the missing ammeter readings.??4A4A4A3A??1A?3A1A1A
- 26. Different cells produce different voltages. The bigger
- 27. Vmeasuring voltageVVV
- 28. series circuit1.5V voltage is shared between the components1.5V3V
- 29. voltage is the same in all parts of the circuit.3Vparallel circuit3V3V
- 30. measuring current & voltagecopy the following circuits
- 31. measuring current & voltageVV6V4AAAa)
- 32. measuring current & voltageVV6V4AAAAb)
- 33. answers3V3V6V4A4A6V6V6V4A4A2A2A4Aa)b)
- 34. One Volt is a Joule per Coulomb
Ohm’s LawI = V / RGeorg Simon Ohm (1787-1854) I = Current (Amperes) (amps)V = Voltage (Volts)R = Resistance (ohms)
Слайд 1All you need to be an inventor is a good imagination
and a pile of junk.
-Thomas Edison
-Thomas Edison
Слайд 2Ohm’s Law
I = V / R
Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854)
I = Current
(Amperes) (amps)
V = Voltage (Volts)
R = Resistance (ohms)
V = Voltage (Volts)
R = Resistance (ohms)
Слайд 3How you should be thinking about electric circuits:
Voltage: a force that
pushes the current through the circuit (in this picture it would be equivalent to gravity)
Слайд 4Resistance: friction that impedes flow of current through the circuit (rocks
in the river)
How you should be thinking about electric circuits:
Слайд 5Current: the actual “substance” that is flowing through the wires of
the circuit (electrons!)
How you should be thinking about electric circuits:
Слайд 11Simple Circuits
Series circuit
All in a row
1 path for electricity
1 light
goes out and the circuit is broken
Parallel circuit
Many paths for electricity
1 light goes out and the others stay on
Parallel circuit
Many paths for electricity
1 light goes out and the others stay on
Слайд 12The current decreases because the resistance increases. Ohm’s Law
says that I=V/R.
The voltage in the system is constant, resistance increases.
1
2
3
Слайд 13Place two bulbs in parallel. What do you notice about the
brightness of the bulbs?
Add a third light bulb in the circuit. What do you notice about the brightness of the bulbs?
Remove the middle bulb from the circuit. What happened?
Add a third light bulb in the circuit. What do you notice about the brightness of the bulbs?
Remove the middle bulb from the circuit. What happened?
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Слайд 14measuring current
Electric current is measured in amps (A) using an ammeter
connected in series in the circuit.
A
Слайд 15
measuring current
A
A
This is how we draw an ammeter in a circuit.
SERIES
CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Слайд 16measuring voltage
The ‘electrical push’ which the cell gives to the current
is called the voltage. It is measured in volts (V) on a voltmeter
V
Слайд 17
measuring voltage
V
This is how we draw a voltmeter in a circuit.
SERIES
CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
V
Слайд 18OHM’s LAW
Measure the current and voltage across each circuit.
Use Ohm’s Law
to compute resistance
Series Circuit
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
Слайд 19measuring current
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
current is the same
at all
points in the
circuit.
circuit.
2A
2A
2A
current is shared
between the
components
2A
2A
1A
1A
Слайд 21The circuit is no longer complete, therefore current can not flow
The
voltage decreases because the current is decreased
and the resistance increases.
and the resistance increases.
Слайд 22The current remains the same. The total resistance drops in a
parallel circuit as more bulbs are added
The current increases.
Слайд 23Series Circuits
only one end of each component is connected
e.g. Christmas tree
lights
Parallel Circuits
both ends of a component are connected
e.g. household lighting
Parallel Circuits
both ends of a component are connected
e.g. household lighting
Series and Parallel Circuits
Слайд 24Circuit in Diagram Form
_
In a closed circuit, current
flows around the loop
Current
flowing through the
filament makes it glow.
No Loop → No Current → No Light
filament makes it glow.
No Loop → No Current → No Light
current
electrons flow opposite the
indicated current direction!
(repelled by negative terminal)
Слайд 26Different cells produce different voltages. The bigger the voltage supplied by
the cell, the bigger the current.
measuring voltage
Unlike an ammeter, a voltmeter is connected across the components
Scientist usually use the term Potential Difference (pd) when they talk about voltage.
Слайд 30measuring current & voltage
copy the following circuits on the next two
slides.
complete the missing current and voltage readings.
remember the rules for current and voltage in series and parallel circuits.
Слайд 34One Volt is a Joule per Coulomb (J/C)
One Amp of current
is one Coulomb per second (6.24 x10^18 electrons/second).
If I have one volt (J/C) and one amp (C/s), then multiplying gives Joules per second (J/s)
this is power: J/s = Watts
So the formula for electrical power is just:
More work is done per unit time the higher the voltage and/or the higher the current
If I have one volt (J/C) and one amp (C/s), then multiplying gives Joules per second (J/s)
this is power: J/s = Watts
So the formula for electrical power is just:
More work is done per unit time the higher the voltage and/or the higher the current
Voltage, Current, and Power
P = VI: power = voltage × current
