Презентация, доклад по английскому языку Early Нistory of Britain

Pre-Roman Period

Слайд 1Early History of Britain

Early History of Britain

Слайд 2
Pre-Roman Period

Pre-Roman Period

Слайд 3Great Britain in the mid-late 5th century B.C.
Mainly

Brythonic areas
Mainly Gaelic areas
Mainly Pictish areas




Many centuries ago (about the 4th century B.C.) the country we now call England was known as Britain, and the people who lived there were called Britons (sometimes Brythons).

Great Britain in the mid-late 5th century B.C.   Mainly Brythonic areas   Mainly Gaelic

Слайд 4They were the Celtic people living in Great Britain from the

Iron Age through the Early Middle Ages. They spoke the Celtic language known as British or Brythonic.
They were the Celtic people living in Great Britain from the Iron Age through the Early Middle

Слайд 5That primitive society had a warrior class. They did the actual

fighting, the free poor served as chariot drivers. Part of a warrior’s ritual was to boast of his victories, and fighting between warriors was an important part of life.
That primitive society had a warrior class. They did the actual fighting, the free poor served as

Слайд 6Bronze Age Britons practised the art of mummification at the same

time as the Egyptians. Archaeologists unearthed the skeletons of a man, a woman, and a 3-year-old girl under the floor of a prehistoric house at Cladh Hallan on the Scottish island of South Uist.
Bronze Age Britons practised the art of mummification at the same time as the Egyptians. Archaeologists unearthed

Слайд 7Ancient Britons were ruled by a class of priests called Druids.

These were members of the ancient Celtic priesthood before the Christian religion.
Ancient Britons were ruled by a class of priests called Druids. These were members of the ancient

Слайд 8Jersey copper token depicting a priest. Currencies of the Anglo-Norman Isles,

1813

They were keepers of all the religious teachings, the tribal history and other knowledge important in Celtic society

Jersey copper token depicting a priest. Currencies of the Anglo-Norman Isles, 1813They were keepers of all the

Слайд 9This Briton Druid Copper Necklace dating back from the 1st to

4th century AD.
This type of necklace was a device that had been used to alter a Druid's voice

They worshipped Gods & Goddesses living in water, stones, trees etc.

This Briton Druid Copper Necklace dating back from the 1st to 4th century AD. This type of

Слайд 10There existed a vast system of Druid temples in the south

of the Island of GB, in particular.
There existed a vast system of Druid temples in the south of the Island of GB, in

Слайд 11Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric, mysterious circle of upright stones in

southern England, is probably, one of the most famous sites in the world. Stonehenge “supported stones” is located in the English county of Wiltshire. It was generally concluded that Stonehenge was constructed as a temple to the sun.
Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric, mysterious circle of upright stones in southern England, is probably, one of

Слайд 12Construction on the great monument began 5,000 years ago; the famous

stones that still stand today were put in place about 4,000 years ago.
Construction on the great monument began 5,000 years ago; the famous stones that still stand today were

Слайд 13It is at the centre of the most dense complex of

Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds.
It is at the centre of the most dense complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in

Слайд 14Scientists are still amazed at extraordinary mathematical sophistication and engineering abilities

that the native British developed.
Scientists are still amazed at extraordinary mathematical sophistication and engineering abilities that the native British developed.

Слайд 15Picture of Stonehenge of 1700
Stonehenge constructors must have had precise astronomical

knowledge of the path of the sun risings at dawn on midsummer's morning.
Picture of Stonehenge of 1700Stonehenge constructors must have had precise astronomical knowledge of the path of the

Слайд 1617th century depiction of Stonehenge
Recent studies have focused on the stone

rings as astronomical observatories. The monument must have been deliberately oriented and planned so that on midsummer's morning the sun rose directly over the Heel Stone and the first rays shone into the centre of the monument.
17th century depiction of StonehengeRecent studies have focused on the stone rings as astronomical observatories. The monument

Слайд 17Image of Stonehenge showing the circular layout
A lot of scientists also

agree on their possible “magico-religious” uses.
Image of Stonehenge showing the circular layoutA lot of scientists also agree on their possible “magico-religious” uses.

Слайд 18John Constable, Stonehenge, 1836. (Victoria and Albert Museum, London, UK)
The mystery

still surrounds its original purpose. In the 12th century Geoffrey of Monmouth included a fanciful story in his work Historia Regum Britanniae that attributed the monument's construction to Merlin, the magician of the times of King Arthur.
John Constable, Stonehenge, 1836. (Victoria and Albert Museum, London, UK)The mystery still surrounds its original purpose. In

Слайд 19Researcher Tom Brooks analyzed 1,500 prehistoric monuments across southern England and

Wales, and found them all to be on a grid of isosceles triangles – those with two sides of equal length – each pointing to the next site.
Researcher Tom Brooks analyzed 1,500 prehistoric monuments across southern England and Wales, and found them all to

Слайд 20Silbury Hill near Avebury, Wiltshire
Ancient Britons were able to travel hundreds

of miles with remarkable accuracy using landmarks such as Stonehenge.
Silbury Hill near Avebury, WiltshireAncient Britons were able to travel hundreds of miles with remarkable accuracy using

Слайд 21Stanton Drew "The Cove". Situated in the garden of "The Druids

Arms"

Stone markers on hilltops and natural waypoints let them orient, as if they had satellite navigation maps.

Stanton Drew

Слайд 22A Britons village, drawn by a modern artist
The Britons lived in

villages of round houses from wood and mud with thatched roofs. There was a strict differentiation between peasants and warriors in their occupations and social position. There were lots of different tribes ruled by kings or chiefs. Chiefs often fought one another.
A Britons village, drawn by a modern artistThe Britons lived in villages of round houses from wood

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