Презентация, доклад по англ. языку на тему Спорт. Автомобильные гонки

automobiles that have two seats and enclosed wheels. They may be purpose-built or related to road-going sports cars.
A kind of hybrid between the purism of open-wheelers and the familiarity of touring car racing, this racing is often associated with the annual Le Mans 24 Hours endurance race. First run in 1923, it is one of the oldest motor races still in existence.

Jaguar, and Aston Martin derives in part from success in sports car racing and the World Sportscar Championship.

Races usually involve complex pit strategy and regular driver changes - sports car racing is seen more as a team sport than a gladiatorial individual sport and team managers like John Wyer, Tom Walkinshaw, driver-turned-constructor Henri Pescarolo, Peter Sauber and Reinhold Joest have become almost as famous as many of their drivers.

unable to keep up with the progress of the Mercedes-Benz and Auto-Union cars in GP racing, withdrew into primarily domestic competition with large-capacity sports cars - marques such as Delahaye, Talbot and the later Bugattis were locally prominent.

In the 1920s, the cars used in endurance racing and Grand Prix were still basically identical, with fenders and two seats, to carry a mechanic if necessary or permitted.

The legendary Alfa Romeo Tipo A Monoposto started the evolution of the true single-seater in the early 1930s.

Mille Miglia, Tour de France and Targa Florio, which were often run on dusty roads, the need for fenders and a mechanic or navigator was still there.

As mainly Italian cars and races defined the genre, the category was called Gran Turismo, as long distances had to be travelled, rather than running around on short circuits only. Reliability and some basic comfort were necessary in order to endure the task.

car racing emerged as
a distinct form of racing with its own classic races, and
eventually its own World Championship.
In the 1950s, sports car racing was regarded as almost as
important as Grand Prix competition, with major marques like
Ferrari, Maserati, Jaguar and Aston Martin investing much effort
in their works programmes and supplying cars to customers;
sports racers lost their close relationship to road-going
sports cars in the 1950s and the major races were
contested by dedicated competition cars such as the
Jaguar C and D types, the Mercedes 300SLR, Maserati 300S,
Aston Martin DBR1 and assorted Ferraris including the first
Testa Rossas. Top Grand Prix drivers also competed
regularly in sports car racing.

Post-war revival

and the coming of the World Sports Car Championship

1950s and early 1960s tended to reflect what was locally popular, with the cars that were successful locally often influencing each nation's approach to competing on the international stage.

Growth of sports car racing

at a national level

in the smaller classes, and imported Jaguar, Maserati, Mercedes-Benz, Allard and Ferrari cars in the larger classes.
Italy found itself with both grassroots racing with Fiat,small Alfa Romeos, and exotica such as Maserati and Ferrari .
Matra and Renault were the most popular sports car between Frenchmen.
In Germany, domestic production based racing was largely dominated by BMW, Porsche and Mercedes-Benz.

but they can be broadly broken down into two main categories: Sports prototype and Grand Touring (GT). These two categories are often mixed together in a single race, such as the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Types of cars

1993.

North America
*American Le Mans Series - Run in the United States and Canada.
*SPEED World Challenge
*Can-Am - Canadian-American Challenge Cup (ran from 1966 to 1974 and in revised form from 1977-86)

Europe
*FIA GT Championship - A GT racing series, predominantly in Europe but some rounds elsewhere
*Interserie - German based series, originally similar to Can-Am
*Belcar (Belgian National GT Championship)

Asia-Pacific'
*All Japan Sports Prototype Championship
*Japan Le Mans Challenge - Established in 2006, run in Japan.
*Super GT
*Fuji Grand Champion Series - a Japanese series originally for Gr.6 cars, was originally held only in Fuji

Notable sports car racing series

level GT series
*Thundersports - a British series of the 1980s in which pretty much any kind of sports racer or GT was eligible.

Germany
*Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft - German series which originally pitted touring cars against GT racers, Gr 6 and then Gr. C was later added.
*Supercup - A Group C only national series in Germany, replaced DRM and ran until 1989. Not to be confused with the various Porsche Supercup series.

Australia
*Australian Sports Car Championship
*Australian Nations Cup Championship - A series for GT type cars run from 2000 to 2005.