Презентация, доклад об истории создания Британского фунта стерлингов British Pound

1066
The Pound (GBP) was introduced into England by the Normans even before William I conquered England. The principle subdivisions of the Pound Sterling (or Gold Sovereign) were into 20 Shillings or 240 pence, but it was also divisible into the Guinea (21 Shillings or 1.05 Pounds), Crown (5 Shillings), Florin (2 Shillings) and Farthing (1/4 Pence).
The Bank of England was created on July 27, 1694
The United Kingdom left the Gold Standard several times, only to keep reinstating it until it was finally abandoned on June 23, 1972. Throughout this time period, the rate at which the Bank of England would buy gold remained constant at 3 pounds, 17 shillings, 10.5 pence.
Exchange rate controls were finally abolished in 1979.

system
The change essentially made one British Pound equal to 100 pence.
The 5 pence piece replaces the shilling, and the 10 pence piece was introduced to replace the florin
Both the half-penny and half-crown were removed from circulation
Banks were closed for 4 days in order to fully embrace the new currency rates

consecutive quarters of expansion

Bank of England enacted a highly restrictive monetary policy raising rates on 5 consecutive occasions last year

UK faces rapidly growing trade deficit which could force a downward adjustment in the currency . The latest report showed a gap of –5300M GBP vs. expectations of only –4750M

a rate hike over the next year

Bank of England has the option of materially easing monetary policy should growth in UK rapidly deteriorate.

Large interest rate differential between GBP and USD has raised speculative positions from carry traders. Increases volatility and speculation effect on currency value.

Political fortune of Tony Blair and the Labor party is at stake.

billion – £0.3 billion less than the deficit for November. The deficit with the enlarged EU worsened to £2.4 billion
The value of exports to non-EU increased across a wide range of manufactured goods. As a result the deficit with non-EU countries improved to £2.1billion.
The European Commission has announced its support for 10 more countries to join the EU from the beginning of 2004.Taken together these countries accounted for 2% of UK exports and 2% of UK imports in 2001.

countries that trade with the UK are joining the EU
Could lead to an increase in trade deficit in the future - which would mean excess supply and devaluation