Слайд 1Project
«The history of my small homeland»
The author
Dmitrievtsev Alexander
Form 7«b»
Nikiforovskaya secondary
school №2
The tutor
Kulyabina V. N.
Слайд 2A man, who doesn`t remember the past, finds himself out of
the historical perspective. He is only able to live for today.
Chingiz Aitmatov.
Слайд 3Actuality
Our Fatherland`s history is formed of histories of single regions, cities,
settlements, villages. It`s necessary to comprehend the place of one`s native locality in the history of the Fatherland.
Слайд 4Hypothesis
The history of my settlement is inseparable from the history of
my country.
Слайд 5Aim
To consider our place in different historical periods.
Слайд 6Tasks
To learn what our district was like in antiquity.
To gather information
concerning Belsky Fortress and it`s defenders.
To trace the developing of the lands.
Слайд 7 Primitive people lived in the area of our settlement four thousand
years ago. In 1991 the archaeological expedition of the State Historical Museum leaded by Nikolay Folomeev discovered 63 ancient memorials burial mounds and the settlings of the bronze epoch.
Слайд 8 In the first millennium A. D. our region was inhabited by
tribes of Meshchera and Mordva. Besides hunting and cattle-breeding they were engaged in agriculture, mastered blacksmithing and other crafts.
Слайд 9 In the XI century A. D. Slavonic colonies appeared here. They
were often exposed to the raids of the warlike steppe nomads. From time to time villages were destroyed but rose anew.
Слайд 10 Later these territories became the part of the Russian state. In
the document of 1571 «Of Ryazan lands distribution» the area between rivers the Polnoy Voronezh and the Lesnoy Voronezh was declared to be the possession of the appanage prince Fyodor Vasilyevich.
Слайд 11 In 1620 as a part of southern defense zone was established
the Belsk outpost. It was built near a brook surrounded with a plenty of white flowers. So the brook was called the «Bel-Well» and the outpost was named Belsky.
Слайд 12 The Tatar Wall is an unique memorial of history and nature.
Its a remainder of a long defense line built in the summer of 1636 by 950 Russian soldiers directed by Ivan Andreev.
Слайд 13 A variety of the plants remained by the wall lets us
to judge of the flora of the medieval steppes.
Слайд 14 In 1643 the tsar ordered to build the Belsk Fortress for
defense of Russian lands. The head of the construction was voevode Ivan Lyapunov. The fortress was built of oak. It had 5 towers and was encircled with a ditch. The letter of 1643 helps us to know that 88 warriors were serving there and it was necessary to reinforce it with one hundred more.
Слайд 15 Soldiers who repulsed attacks of Tatars were strelets, gunners, cossacks. Workers
for building came from Ryazhsk, Shatsk and other places. Last names of the first settlers are still widespread in our district – Medvedev, Protasov, Volkov, Rogachyov, Solopov, Prosvetov, Pyatov.
Слайд 16 By the end of the XVII century the menace of Tatar
raids decreases and people settled further from the fortress.
Слайд 17 In 1718 the first population census was performed. Due to it
we can follow the development of our settlement.
Слайд 18 From remained documents we can know that Turovka village was founded
by brothers Ilya and Peter Turovsky.
Слайд 19 Saburo-Pokrovskoye village was founded by ensign Ivan Saburov. In 1799 Alexander
Saburov, the future Decembrist was born there.
Слайд 20 According to some data the first Tambov professional writer Peter Zaharyin
was born in Nikolskoye village in 1744. He was very popular in that time, was acquainted with Gavriil Derzhavin and once introduced to Ekaterina the Great.
Слайд 21 In Kamenka village A. Zhikharev kept 200 thoroughbred horses. Many of
them were sent to participate in horse-races in Moscow and St-Petersburg.
Слайд 22 Two villages left on the place where Belsky used to stand.
One of them was called Dmitrievskaya, probably in honor of the church of saint Dmitry Donskoy. Besides the church there was a post station, a mill and a transit jail. The second village was named Nikiforovka because the first settler was Peter Nikiforov. The village consisted of 3 houses with 17 people living in them.
Слайд 23 The life of the dwellers was quite poor. In the paper
of 1851 we can read that fish and meat were eaten only on annual holidays. Only few could afford porridge of buckwheat and millet. Usual food was rye bread and soup of kvass.
Слайд 24 In 1869 the railroad Tambov-Kozlov was built. In 1913 the station
Dmitrievka was renamed into Nikiforovka.
Слайд 25 At the end of the XIX century a bacon factory was
built in Dmitrievka. The English bought up pigs. Then they produced bacon and sent it to England.
Слайд 26 In 1917 our settlement was involved in stormy revolutionary events. On
September, 10 mass disorders started in the Kozlov district. The estates of three landlords were smashed up and burned, one of them was killed.
Слайд 27 Along with all the nation our region went through the violent
civil war, collectivization, hunger.
Слайд 28 The Telegraph of Nikiforovka. The morning of the 22 of June.
Elizabeth Novozhenina was the first who received the message about the war.
Слайд 29 In years of the Great patriotic war about 14 thousands of
our countrymen were drafted. More than 6 thousand didn`t come home. 6 thousand were conferred decoration.
Слайд 30 Six of our countrymen were awarded the highest title of the
USSR “Hero”.
Слайд 31 Home front work also required great strength and courage. 2,5 thousand
of people in Nikiforovka got rewards for valiant work in the Great patriotic war.
Слайд 32 In 1995 a monument was built not far from our settlement.
On the white marble slab there in an inscription: «A long-distant aircraft base was located on this field in the years of the Great Patriotic war».
Слайд 33 Evdokiya Kupiyanovna Solopova ,who had been working as a teacher for
the wartime, said that the school was located in the building of the destroyed church. There were just three streets: Skobelevka, Oktyabrskaya, Sovetskaya with a shop, a post station and a village club.
Слайд 34 Another respected woman, Popova Valentina Andreevna, living in our settlement got
through the Afghan war as a war surgeon and got a decoration “For war deserts”. She spent in Afghanistan 2,5 years and has written a book “Under the sky of Afghanistan”.
Слайд 35 5 our countryman perished in Afghanistan.
Слайд 36 The construction of the sugar factory changed the life of the
village. Its population vastly increased an it had got the status of an industrial settlement.
Слайд 37 Nowadays our settlement has 2 schools, a musical school, a house
of culture with a concert hall, a sport school, a library, a church and a museum.
Слайд 38 National dancing traditions are kept by the folk dancing ensembles «Selyanochka»
and «Fantasia», the prize-winners of various international competitions.
Слайд 39 Dmitrievka is my small homeland. When I leave, I remember my
favourite places: the Tatar Wall, the still river Polnoy Voronezh, the Bel Well. These places remind me of our settlement’s past. The Bel Well used to quench thirst of the protectors of our boundaries, now it`s a small spring with clean cold water.
I have a dream. I want my settlement to get back its historical name - Belsky. Name is a memorial, and memorials have to be preserved.
Слайд 40 The conclusion
We cleared up that the history of our place is
inseparably connected with the history of our Fatherland. It survived the Mongol invasion, the colonization of the Wild Field had been carried our here. Since the XIIX century our land has been developing the same way as the whole country. It got through the revolution, the civil war, the collectivization, the Great Patriotic war, the severe post-war years.
Thus the hypothesis is confirmed and it can be said that the history of my native place is a basis of our cultural inheritance. Love for my small homeland is not isolated in itself, it expands to love for our Fatherland-Russia.
Слайд 41Informational Resources
From the history of settlings of Tambov region. N. V.
Murav`yov, Voronezh, 1988
The pages of the history of Tambov . Voronezh, 1986
Tambov Encyclopedia, L. G. Protasov, Tambov, 2004
Newspapers “Znamya”, 1992, 1996, 2001, 2005
www.gorodok.ru
www.wikipedia.ru
www.schkola2.68edu.ru