Презентация, доклад к уроку на тему: Индо-европейские языки

Asia(East Asia)
Niger-Congo languagesNiger-Congo languages 6.4% (Sub-Saharan Africa(Sub-Saharan Africa)
Afro-Asiatic languagesAfro-Asiatic languages 6.0% (North Africa6.0% (North Africa to Horn of Africa, Southwest Asia)
Austronesian languagesAustronesian languages 5.9% (Oceania5.9% (Oceania, Madagascar5.9% (Oceania, Madagascar, maritime Southeast Asia5.9% (Oceania5.9% (Oceania, Madagascar5.9% (Oceania, Madagascar, maritime Southeast Asia)
Dravidian languagesDravidian languages 3.7% (South AsiaDravidian languagesDravidian languages 3.7% (South Asia)
Altaic languagesAltaic languages 2.3% (Central AsiaAltaic languages 2.3% (Central Asia, Northern Asia, AnatoliaAltaic languages 2.3% (Central Asia, Northern Asia, Anatolia, SiberiaAltaic languagesAltaic languages 2.3% (Central AsiaAltaic languages 2.3% (Central Asia, Northern Asia, AnatoliaAltaic languages 2.3% (Central Asia, Northern Asia, Anatolia, Siberia)
Japonic languagesJaponic languages 2.1% (JapanJaponic languagesJaponic languages 2.1% (Japan)
Austro-Asiatic languagesAustro-Asiatic languages 1.7% (mainland Southeast Asia)
Tai-Kadai languagesTai-Kadai languages 1.3% (Southeast AsiaTai-Kadai languagesTai-Kadai languages 1.3% (Southeast Asia)

and dialects including most major languages of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and South Asia.

are like old European ones, especially Latin and Greek. So in 1786 Indo-European family was discovered by Sir William Jones.

largest number for any recognised language family.

Of the twenty languages with the largest numbers of native speakers twelve are Indo-European: Spanish, English, Hindi (India), Portugese, Bengali (India), Russian, German, Marathi (India), French, Italian, Punjabi (India), and Urdu (Pakistan), accounting for over 1.7 billion native speakers.

twelve branches, ten of which contain existing languages.

German : Yiddish : Danish : Swedish : Norwegian Faroes : Icelandic Anglo Saxon : Old Norse : Frankish : Gothic: Lombardo : Visigoth : Vandal

The languages of the Germanic Branch originate from Old Norse and Saxon. They use the Latin Alphabet.
They include English, Dutch and German and Frisian.
Flemish and Afrikaans are varieties of Dutch while Yiddish is a variety of German.

Three of the four (mainland) Scandinavian languages belong to this branch: (Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish). Icelandic is the least changed of the Germanic Languages - being close to Old Norse. Another old language is Faroese.

Seven languages are extinct from this branch.

: Czech : Slovak Slovene : Croatian : Serbian: Kashubian : Bulgarian : Macedonian : Bosnian Old Church Slavic

These languages are confined to Eastern Europe.In general, the Catholic peoples use the Latin alphabet while the Orthodox use the Cyrillic alphabet which is derived from the Greek. Indeed some of the languages are very similar differing only in the script used (Croatian and Serbian are virtually the same language).

One of the oldest of these languages is Bulgarian. The most important is Russian. Others include Polish, Kashubian (spoken in parts of Poland), Sorbian (spoken in parts of eastern Germany), Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Macedonian, Bosnian, Ukrainian and Byelorussian.

: Gaulish : Cumbrian : Manx : Galatian

The Celtic Branch is now the smallest branch. The languages originated in Central Europe and once dominated Western Europe (around 400BC). The people migrated across to the British Isles over 2000 years ago.
Later, when the Germanic speaking Anglo Saxons arrived, the Celtic speakers were pushed into Wales (Welsh), Ireland (Irish Gaelic) and Scotland (Scottish Gaelic).One group of Celts moved back to France. Their language became Breton spoken in the Brittany region of France. Breton is closer to Welsh than to French.
Other Celtic languages have became extinct.