Презентация, доклад Conditionals. Условные предложения. (Люберцы)

of condition that usually begins with the conjunction IF.
The clause of condition (the if-clause) indicates the conditions under which the action in the main clause may be realized.

three main types: 1. structures with real condition (first type of conditional sentences, or first conditional); 2. structures with unreal condition referring to the present or future (second type of conditional sentences, or second conditional); 3. structures with unreal condition referring to the past (third type of conditional sentences, or third conditional).

реальным условием (first conditional – первый тип условных предложений);
2. конструкции с нереальным условием, относящимся к настоящему или будущему (second conditional – второй тип условных предложений);
3. конструкции с нереальным условием, относящимся к прошлому (third conditional – третий тип условных предложений).

a scientific fact. We can use when instead of if in this case. Real condition Реальное условие

вода замерзает. (100% истина)

If you heat water, it boils. – Если вы нагреете воду, она закипит. (100% истина)

0-го типа.

If you __________ (to drive) along the river bank it _______ (to be) twenty miles out of your way. If you _____ (to take) your mobile phone into class, it __________ (must) be turned off. We ________ (not use) calculators when we ________ (write) tests. If you ________ (to push) this button, the volume __________ (to increase). If you __________ (to close) the door, it _________ (to lock) automatically. I_________ (to wear) my old boots when I ___________ (to work). When I ___________ (to cook) salads, I _________ (to use) only olive oil. When I ___________ (to concentrate), please ____________ (not to make) so much noise. Unless prices ________ (to rise), it_________ (not to be) a good investment. Unless someone_________ (to ask) you politely, ___________ (to refuse) to do anything.

реальные, возможные ситуации в настоящем или будущем. Вероятность, что действие произойдет, очень велика.

very probable situations in the present or future.

Если пойдет дождь, я не пойду в парк. (я не знаю, пойдет дождь или не пойдет)

If I see Mary, I will tell her. – Если я увижу Мери, я скажу ей. (я могу ее увидеть, а могу и не увидеть)

into the Present Indefinite or the Future Indefinite Tense.
If Peter _______ (come) to my place, we_______ (go) to play in the yard.
If Peter______ (not come) to my place, I ______ (watch) TV.
If Frank’s parents______ (have) their holidays in summer, they _____ (go) to the seaside.
If they ______ (have) their holidays in winter, they ______ (stay) at home.
If the fog _______ (thicken), Harold _______ (put up) the tent for the night.
When I _______ (finish) my work, I_______ (go) to the cinema.
We_______ (buy) this book as soon as our mother_______ (give) us some money.
When we _______ (come) to your place you_______ (show) us your present.
I_______ (return) you your ring when you_______ (ask) me.
I_______ (wait) for my friend until he_______ (come) from the shop.
My father_______ (start) writing before the sun _______ (rise).
As soon as you _______ (finish) your study I_______ (present) you with a new flat.

which are contrary to facts in the present and, therefore, are unlikely to happen in the present or future.

том случае, если речь идет о нереальной ситуации. В этом случае глагол придаточного предложения употребляется в простом прошедшем времени, а в главном предложении стоит would/could и инфинитив смыслового глагола.

Если бы вы ложились спать пораньше, то не чувствовали бы себя усталым.
If I had 2 million dollars, I`d give a lot to charity.- Если бы у меня было 2 миллиона долларов, я бы отдал много денег на благотворительность.
А если в придаточном предложении после I / he/ she /it стоит глагол to be, то употребляется форма сослагательного наклонения этого глагола- were.
If I were you I would study English by all means.- На твоем месте я бы обязательно выучил английский.
If she were happy in her job, she wouldn`t be looking for another one.- Если бы она была довольна своей работой, она не искала бы новую.
If I lived in Japan, I`d have sushi every day.- Если бы я жил в Японии, я бы целыми днями ел суши.
Очень часто форма “If I were you” употребляется, когда кому-то хотят дать совет.
If I were you, I`d look for a new place to live.- На твоем месте я подыскивал бы себе новое жилье.
If I were you, I`d move to Paris to pursue modeling career.- На твоем месте я бы переехала жить в Париж, чтобы заняться карьерой модели.

I lived near the sea, ...

If I had a million, ...

If I knew English very well, ...

в правильную форму.

If Susan … (move) to Tokyo, she … (live) near her sister. (Если бы Сюзан переехала в Токио, она бы жила рядом со своей сестрой.)
If you … (have) a driving license, you … (get) this job. (Если бы у тебя были водительские права, ты бы получил эту работу.)
My dog … (be) 20 years old today if it … (be) alive. (Моей собаке исполнилось бы 20 лет сегодня, если бы она была жива.)
I … (go) to the police if I … (be) you. (Я бы обратился в полицию на твоем месте.)
If people … (not buy) guns, the world … (become) safer. (Если бы люди не покупали оружие, мир стал бы безопаснее.)
Tom ... (not eat) much “fast food” if his wife … (cook) at home. (Том не ел бы много «фастфуда», если бы его жена готовила дома.)

which are contrary to facts in the past. They are also used to express regrets and criticism.

ПРОШЛОМ: мы выдумываем вещи, которые не случились на самом деле.
If I hadn't helped you, you would have failed. = You would have failed, if I hadn't helped you. (I helped you so you didn't fail).
If it had been sunny, we could have gone out. = We could have gone out, if it had been. (We didn't go out because it wasn't sunny

If the government ______ (give) more money to the factory it ______ (not close).
If the government ______ (build) flood barriers, we _____ (not have) the floods last year.
If Dan ______ (know) how to swim, he _______ (not drown).
If Molly ______ (listen) to the weather- forecast, she ________ (know) it was going to rain.
If Greg _______ (tell) me he was ill, I ______ (be) more sympathetic. .
If she _______ (prepare) for the exam, she ______ (pass) it.
If Bill ______ (see) the house, he _____ ( not buy) it.
These words ______ (roughly express) Bob’s feelings, if he _____ (be) capable of reasoning.
But what ________ (you do), if you ________ (see) what I saw It ______ (be) all done though, if Jill ______ (help) at the right time.

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